Velær lateral approksimant
| Velær lateral approksimant |
| ʟ |
| Unicode: U+029F |
| (Kilde) |
Den velære laterale approksimant er en konsonant, der er sjælden i verdens sprog.[1] Den indikeres i det internationale fonetiske alfabet som ⟨ʟ⟩, og dens X-SAMPA-symbol er L\. De velære lateraler involverer ofte en klusil foran - her [ɡ͡ʟ].[2]
Egenskaber
Den velære laterale approksimant er:
- Pulmonisk-egressiv, hvilket betyder at den udtales ved at lade lungerne trykke luft ud gennem taleapparatet.
- Stemt, hvilket betyder at stemmebåndet er spændt under udtalen og dermed genererer en tone.
- Velær, hvilket betyder at den udtales med tungeryggen trykket mod ganesejlet.
- Lateral, hvilket betyder at luftstrømmen bevæger sig langs tungens sider.
- Approksimant, hvilket betyder at luftstrømmen passerer gennem en indsnævring i taleapparatet, men ikke nok til at skabe turbulens.
Anvendelse i sprog
| Sprog | Ord | IPA | Betydning | Noter | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Engelsk[3] | Visse dialekter | milk | [mɪʟk] | 'mælk' | Kan forekomme før velære og labiale konsonanter. |
| Hiw[4] | r̄evr̄ov | [ɡ͡ʟəβɡ͡ʟɔβ] | 'håndtag' | ||
| Melpa[5] | [paʟa] | 'hegn' | |||
| Wahgi[3] | aglagle | [aʟaʟe] | 'svimmel' | ||
Referencer
Litteraturliste
- François, Alexandre (2010), "Phonotactics and the prestopped velar lateral of Hiw: resolving the ambiguity of a complex segment", Phonology, 27 (3): 393-434.
- Ladefoged, Peter (2005), Vowels and Consonants (2nd udgave), Blackwell.
- Roca, Iggy; Johnson, Wyn (1999), A Course in Phonology, Blackwell Publishing.
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