United States Navy
| United States Navy | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Grundlagt | 1794 (13. oktober 1775) |
| Land |  USA |
| Rolle | Marine |
| Størrelse | 332.000 ansatte 124.000 reservister 280 skibe 3.700 fly |
| Pentagon | Hovedkvarter |
| Farver | Blå og guld |
| March | Anchors Aweigh |
| Slag og krige | Amerikanske revolution Quasi-krigen Tripolikrigene Britisk-amerikanske krig (1812) Den Mexicansk-amerikanske krig Amerikanske borgerkrig Den spansk-amerikanske krig 1. verdenskrig 2. verdenskrig Koreakrigen Vietnamkrigen Libyen 1986 Golfkrigen Operation Enduring Freedom Operation Iraqi Freedom Operation Odyssey Dawn |
| Dekorationer | Presidential Unit Citation .svg){kind=small} Navy Unit Commendation _Streamer.jpg){kind=small} Meritorious Unit Commendation |
| Ledere | |
| Chief of Naval Operations | Admiral Gary Roughead |
| Vice Chief of Naval Operations | Viceadmiral Jonathan W. Greenert |
| Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy | MCPON Rick D. West |
| Insignier | |
| Orlogsflag |  |
| Traditionel gøs | |
| Gøs under krigen mod terror |  |
| Fly fløjet | |
| Jagerbomber | F/A-18A/B/C/D, F/A-18E/F |
| Elektronisk krigsførelse | E-2, EP-3, E-6, EA-6B, EA-18G |
| Jager | F/A-18A/B/C/D, F/A-18E/F |
| Transporthelikopter | CH-53, CH-53E, |
| Multirollehelikopter | Sikorsky SH-60B/F, HH-60H, MH-60R/S, |
| Træningshelikopter | Bell TH-57 |
| Alsidig helikopter | Bell UH-1, SH-3 |
| Patruljefly | P-3, P-8 |
| Rekognoscering | RQ-2 |
| Træning | F-5, F-16, T-2, T-6, T-34, T-39, T-45 |
| Transport | C-2, C-12, C-20, C-40, C-130 |
USA's marine,[1] United States Navy (USN eller U.S. Navy), er den maritime gren af det amerikanske forsvar og en af de seks værn i forsvaret. U.S. Navy er verdens største flåde og dens samlede tonnage er større end de næste 13 flåders tonnage lagt sammen.[2] U.S. Navy er også indehaver af verdens største hangarskibsflåde med 11 operative skibe, en under konstruktion (og yderligere to planlagt) samt yderligere en i reserve. Flåden havde i januar 2011 328.516 ansatte samt 101.689 i reserve. Flåden har 286 skibe og fartøjer og over 3.700 fly.[3]
Flåden kan spore sine rødder tilbage til Continental Navy, som blev etableret i 1775 under den Amerikanske revolution og blev derefter nedlagt kort efter krigens afslutning. USA's forfatning gav imidlertid det lovmæssige grundlag til at opretholde en stående militær styrke ved at lade kongressen få magten til at skaffe og vedligeholde en flåde.[4]
Piratangreb på amerikanske skibe langs Barbareskkysten i Middelhavet fik kongressen til at benytte sig af sine beføjelser ved at stemme "flådeloven af 1794" der omhandlede bygningen og bemandingen af seks amerikanske fregatter.[5] Disse skibe blev benyttet til at bekæmpe pirateriet langs den afrikanske nordkyst. I det 20. århundrede demonstrerede USA sine flådestyrkers evne ved, i årene 1907-1909, at sejle verden rundt med den Store hvide flåde.
US Navy fastholder i det 21. århundrede en betydelig global tilstedeværelse, og er tilstede i områder som Fjernøsten, Middelhavet og Mellemøsten. Flådens størrelse er enorm og har evner til at ændre lokale politiske situationer ved sin blotte tilstedeværelse. På denne måde er US Navy et tungtvejende politisk redskab.
Organisation
US Navy er den ene af to grene i Marineministeriet (Department of the Navy), det andet er United States Marine Corps. Marineministeriet er en civil instans med Marineministeren i spidsen. Marineministeriet er underlagt det amerikanske forsvarsministerium. Traditionelt set er den højestrangerende flådeofficer Chief of Naval Operations, en stilling der for tiden bestrides af en 4-stjernet Admiral Gary Roughead. den højestrangerende officer pt. er dog formanden for forsvarsstaben Admiral Michael Mullen.
.png)
- 2. Flåde — Atlanterhavet, Norfolk Naval Station, (Norfolk, Virginia)
- 3. Flåde — Nordlige og østlige Stillehav, Naval Air Station North Island, (San Diego Californien)
- 4. Flåde — Caribien, Central- og Sydamerika, Mayport Naval Station, (Jacksonville Florida).
- 5. Flåde — Det Røde Hav, den Persiske Golf og vestlige Indiske Ocean (Manama, Bahrain)
- 6. Flåde — Middelhavet (Gaeta, Italien)
- 7. Flåde — Stillehavet og Det Indiske Ocean (Yokosuka, Japan)
- 1. Flåde eksisterede fra 1947 men blev omdøbt til den 3. Flåde i 1973.
Baser
US Navy har et stort antal baser med henblik på at støtte militære operationer over hele verden. De fleste af baserne ligger langs øst- og vestkysten af USA, men der findes også baser på andre kontinenter og i andre lande, som eksempelvis Italien og Japan.
Skibe
- Hangarskibe
- 10× Nimitz-klassen
- Gerald R. Ford-klassen (skal gradvist afløse Nimitz-klassen)
- Amfibieskibe
- 1× Tarawa-klassen (LHA)
- 8× Wasp-klassen (LHD)
- 1× America-klassen (LHA)
- 5× Austin-klassen (LPD)
- 8× San Antonio-klassen (LPD)
- 8× Whidbey Island-klassen (LSD)
- 4× Harpers Ferry-klassen (LSD)
- Littoral Combat Ships
- Atomubåde
- 18× Ohio-klassen (missilubåde)
- 41× Los Angeles-klassen
- 3× Seawolf-klassen
- 11× Virginia-klassen
Rangorden
Officersgruppen
| NATO-rang | OF-10 | OF-9 | OF-8 | OF-7 | OF-6 | OF-5 | OF-4 | OF-3 | OF-2 | OF-1 | OF(D) | Kadet |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Distinktion |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | - | |
| Amerikansk rang | Fleet Admiral | Admiral | Vice Admiral | Rear Admiral | Rear Admiral (lower half) | Captain | Commander | Lieutenant Commander | Lieutenant | Lieutenant (Junior grade) | Ensign | Findes ikke |
| Dansk rang | - | Admiral | Viceadmiral | Kontreadmiral | Flotilleadmiral | Kommandør | Kommandørkaptajn | Orlogskaptajn | Kaptajnløjtnant | Premierløjtnant Løjtnant | - | - |
Warrant Officergruppen
| NATO-rang | - | - | - | - | - |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Distinktion |  |  |  |  |  |
| Amerikansk rang | Chief Warrant Officer 5 | Chief Warrant Officer 4 | Chief Warrant Officer 3 | Chief Warrant Officer 2 | Warrant Officer |
| Dansk rang | - | - | - | - | - |
Sergent og meniggruppen
| NATO rang | OR-9 | OR-9 | OR-8 | OR-7 | OR-6 | OR-5 | OR-4 | OR-3 | OR-2 | OR-1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Distinktion |   |  |  |  |  |  |  | Ingen distinktion | ||
| Amerikansk rang | Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy - Fleet Master Chief Petty Officer | Command Master Chief Petty Officer - Master Chief Petty Officer | Senior Chief Petty Officer - Command Senior Chief Petty Officer | Chief Petty Officer | Petty Officer First Class | Petty Officer Second Class | Petty Officer Third Class | Seaman | Seaman Apprentice | Seaman Recruit |
| Dansk rang | Chefsergent | - | Seniorsergent | Oversergent | Findes ikke | Sergent | Korporal | Marinespecialist | Marineoverkonstabel | Marinekonstabel Marineelev |
Referencer, kilder og eksterne links
 | Wikimedia Commons har medier relateret til: |
- ^ http://www.fyens.dk/udland/Frustration-over-pirater/artikel/1125125 Hentet 20. januar 2017
- ^ Counsil on Foreign Relations: Balanced Strategy: Reprogramming the Pentagon for a New Age Arkiveret 15. marts 2020 hos Wayback Machine Besøgt 20. april 2011
- ^ U.S. Navy: Status of the Navy Arkiveret 21. december 2010 hos Wayback Machine Besøgt 20. april 2011
- ^ U.S. Government: USA's forfatning Besøgt 20. april 2011
- ^ Naval Historical Centre: The Continental Period, 1775-1890 Arkiveret 4. marts 2008 hos Wayback Machine Besøgt 20. april 2011
| ||||||||
|
Medier brugt på denne side
United States Navy Chief Warrant Officer 4 insignia
US Navy Master Chief Petty Officer shoulder patch rate insignia (good conduct variation)
Presidential Unit Citation (United States) (navy version)
Collar, shoulder, and sleeve rank insignia for a Vice Admiral in the United States Navy.
Collar, shoulder, and sleeve rank insignia for a Lieutenant Commander in the United States Navy.
United States Navy Warrant Officer 1 insignia
The jack of the United States. From 1960 to 1975, 1977 to 2002, and from 2019 to the present, this flag was the naval jack as well.
Collar, shoulder, and sleeve rank insignia for an unrestricted line Captain in the United States Navy.
Collar, shoulder, and sleeve rank insignia for a Lieutenant, Junior Grade in the United States Navy.
Navy Unit Commendation streamer.
Collar, shoulder, and sleeve rank insignia for a Rear admiral (upper half) in the United States Navy.
Current United States naval jack, used from 1960 to 1975, 1977 to 2002, and 2019 to the present.
Collar, shoulder, and sleeve rank insignia for an Ensign in the United States Navy.
CMDCS
United States Navy Chief Warrant Officer 5 insignia
Collar, shoulder, and sleeve rank insignia for a Commander in the United States Navy.
Image taken from united-states-flag.com. This is a faithful representation of an original U.S. government work. As such, it attracts no new copyright. However, the USMC flag is protected by U.S. Trademark Registration Nos. 4852947 and 4193304, and may not be used commercially without a trademark license from the USMC's Trademark Licensing Office. Originally uploaded to en.wikipedia by Mbr7975; description page is (was) here: Marine corps flag.gif
United States Navy Chief Warrant Officer 3 insignia
US Navy Senior Chief Petty Officer shoulder patch rate insignia (good conduct variation)
Collar, shoulder, and sleeve rank insignia for a Fleet Admiral in the United States Navy.
Collar, shoulder, and sleeve rank insignia for a Rear admiral (lower half) in the United States Navy.
Seal of the United States Space Force.
United States Navy Chief Warrant Officer 2 insignia
Meritorious Unit Commendation Streamer Source: Battle Color of the Marine Corps
Collar, shoulder, and sleeve rank insignia for an Admiral in the United States Navy.
The Service Color of the U.S. Coast Guard. This is not the same as the law enforcement ensign, which features vertical red stripes defaced with the anchor symbol of the USCG.
*Description: On a circular background of fair sky and moderate sea with land in sinister base, a tri-mast square rigged ship under way before a fair breeze with after top-sail furled, commission pennant atop the foremast, National Ensign atop the main, and the commodore's flag atop the mizzen. In front of the ship a luce-type anchor inclined slightly bendwise with the crown resting on the land and, in front of the shank and in back of the dexter fluke, an American bald eagle rising to sinister regarding to dexter, one foot on the ground, the other resting on the anchor near the shank; all in proper colors. The whole within a blue annulet bearing the inscription "Department of the Navy" at the top and "United States of America" at the bottom, separated on each side by a mullet and within a rim in the form of a rope; inscription, rope, mullet, and edges of annulet all gold. *Background: The policy for use of the Navy seal and emblem is contained in SECNAV Instr 5030.4 and SECNAV Instr 5030.6. The seal design was approved by the President of the United States by Executive Order 10736 dated October 23, 1957. Request for use of the Navy emblem should be submitted in writing to Defense Printing Service, ATTN: DPSMO, 8725 John Kingman Rd Suite 3239, Fort Belvoir, VA 22060-6220. The telephone number is (703) 767-4218. 1879 version here: http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/54900/54985/54985_seal_navy.htm
.svg)
Seal of the United States Department of Defense from 2001 to 2022.
The Flag of the United States Navy, as defined in Executive Order 10812 of April 24, 1959. The design is described there as:
The flag for the United States Navy is 4 feet 4 inches hoist by 5 feet 6 inches fly, of dark blue material, with yellow fringe, 2½ inches wide. In the center of the flag is a device 3 feet and 1 inch overall consisting of the inner pictorial portion of the seal of the Department of the Navy (with the exception that a continuation of the sea has been substituted for the land area), in its proper colors within a circular yellow rope edging, all 2 feet 6 inches in diameter above a yellow scroll inscribed "UNITED STATES NAVY" in dark blue letters.
The U.S. Navy flag is used for display purposes at ceremonies, parades, and other public functions where the U.S. Navy has an official presence, usually being carried by an honor guard on ceremonial occasions. It is not used for outdoor, fixed (permanent) purposes, and is not flown on Navy ships. Versions without fringe and different dimensions seem to be common, though it appears they are not technically the official U.S. Navy flag, as the executive order has not been amended.
Prior to 1959, the Navy Infantry Battalion flag was used to represent the U.S. Navy.
For more information, see the Navy's flag history page, SeaFlags, Flags of the World, U.S. Navy document NTP 13(B) [1], section 1710, and Navy regulation OPNAVINST 10520.1 (which replaced a similar SECNAVINST 10520.2D regulation from 1974).
Collar, shoulder, and sleeve rank insignia for a Lieutenant in the United States Navy.
Det er let at give dette billede en kant