USA's flag
USA's flag kaldes også Stars and Stripes eller Old Glory.
De 50 stjerner i Stars and Stripes står for antal stater, og de 13 striber repræsenterer de oprindelige kolonier, der blev de første stater.
Den første version af flaget blev lavet i 1777. Den version havde dog kun 13 stjerner for de 13 stater der var den gang. Den version vi kender i dag blev lavet i 1960.
Flagets udvikling
Før Kongressen i 1777 besluttede at indføre stjernerne i kantonen, benyttedes flere flag, heriblandt Grand Union Flag (eller Continental Flag), som fremkom omkring 1775 som symbol på lokal selvbestemmelse. Siden 1818 er flaget kun blevet ændret på USA's uafhængighedsdag, den 4. juli. Nedenstående tabel viser de 28 almindelige fordelinger af stjernerne, typisk anvendt af United States Navy. Først med de 48 stjerner i 1912 blev der fastsat et officielt design for stjernernes placering, og flagets præcise farver blev først fastlagt i 1934.[1]
| Antal stjerner | Antal striber | Design(s) | Stater repræsenteret af nye stjerner | I brug | Varighed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 13 | N/A | 3. december 1775[2] – 14. juni 1777 | 11⁄2 år | |
| 13 | 13 |   | Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Georgia, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maryland, South Carolina, New Hampshire, Virginia, New York, North Carolina, Rhode Island | 14. juni 1777 – 1. maj 1795 | 18 år |
| 15 | 15 | Vermont, Kentucky | 1. maj 1795 – 3. juli 1818 | 23 år | |
| 20 | 13 |  | Indiana, Louisiana, Mississippi, Ohio, Tennessee | 4. juli 1818 – 3. juli 1819 | 1 år |
| 21 | 13 | Illinois | 4. juli 1819 – 3. juli 1820 | 1 år | |
| 23 | 13 | Alabama, Maine | 4. juli 1820 – 3. juli 1822 | 2 år | |
| 24 | 13 | Missouri | 4. juli 1822 – 3. juli 1836 | 14 år | |
| 25 | 13 | Arkansas | 4. juli 1836 – 3. juli 1837 | 1 år | |
| 26 | 13 |  | Michigan | 4. juli 1837 – 3. juli 1845 | 8 år |
| 27 | 13 | Florida | 4. juli 1845 – 3. juli 1846 | 1 år | |
| 28 | 13 | Texas | 4. juli 1846 – 3. juli 1847 | 1 år | |
| 29 | 13 |  | Iowa | 4. juli 1847 – 3. juli 1848 | 1 år |
| 30 | 13 | Wisconsin | 4. juli 1848 – 3. juli 1851 | 3 år | |
| 31 | 13 | California | 4. juli 1851 – 3. juli 1858 | 7 år | |
| 32 | 13 | Minnesota | 4. juli 1858 – 3. juli 1859 | 1 år | |
| 33 | 13 |    | Oregon | 4. juli 1859 – 3. juli 1861 | 2 år |
| 34 | 13 | .svg){kind=small} | Kansas | 4. juli 1861 – 3. juli 1863 | 2 år |
| 35 | 13 | West Virginia | 4. juli 1863 – 3. juli 1865 | 2 år | |
| 36 | 13 |  | Nevada | 4. juli 1865 – 3. juli 1867 | 2 år |
| 37 | 13 |  | Nebraska | 4. juli 1867 – 3. juli 1877 | 10 år |
| 38 | 13 |  | Colorado | 4. juli 1877 – 3. juli 1890 | 13 år |
| 43 | 13 | .svg){kind=small} | Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Washington | 4. juli 1890 – 3. juli 1891 | 1 år |
| 44 | 13 | Wyoming | 4. juli 1891 – 3. juli 1896 | 5 år | |
| 45 | 13 | Utah | 4. juli 1896 – 3. juli 1908 | 12 år | |
| 46 | 13 | Oklahoma | 4. juli 1908 – 3. juli 1912 | 4 år | |
| 48 | 13 | Arizona, New Mexico | 4. juli 1912 – 3. juli 1959 | 47 år | |
| 49 | 13 |  | Alaska | 4. juli 1959 – 3. juli 1960 | 1 år |
| 50 | 13 | .svg){kind=small} | Hawaii | 4. juli 1960 – nu | 63 år |
Referencer
- ^ History of the Stars and Stripes (U.S.)
- ^ Leepson, Marc. (2005). Flag: An American Biography. New York: St. Martin's Press.
Se også
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Flag of the United States (1861-1863).svg
U.S. flag with 34 stars. In use from 4 July 1861 to 3 July 1863. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
U.S. flag with 34 stars. In use from 4 July 1861 to 3 July 1863. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
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Flag of the United States (1896–1908).svg
US Flag with 45 stars. In use 4 July 1896–3 July 1908. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain. This flag was used during the Spanish-American War.
US Flag with 45 stars. In use 4 July 1896–3 July 1908. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain. This flag was used during the Spanish-American War.
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Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg
US Flag with 48 stars. In use for 47 years from July 4, 1912, to July 3, 1959.
US Flag with 48 stars. In use for 47 years from July 4, 1912, to July 3, 1959.
Cowpens Flag.svg
Cowpens Flag. This flag was used during the Battle of Cowpens during the American Revolutionary War.
Cowpens Flag. This flag was used during the Battle of Cowpens during the American Revolutionary War.
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US flag 38 stars.svg
US Flag with 38 stars. In use 4 July 1877–3 July 1890. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
US Flag with 38 stars. In use 4 July 1877–3 July 1890. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
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US flag 36 stars.svg
US Flag with 36 stars. In use 4 July 1865–3 July 1867. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
US Flag with 36 stars. In use 4 July 1865–3 July 1867. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
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US flag 25 stars.svg
US Flag with 25 stars. In use 4 July 1836–3 July 1837. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
US Flag with 25 stars. In use 4 July 1836–3 July 1837. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
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US flag 21 stars.svg
US Flag with 21 stars. In use 4 July 1819–3 July 1820. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
US Flag with 21 stars. In use 4 July 1819–3 July 1820. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
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Flag of the United States (1846-1847).svg
US Flag with 28 stars. In use 4 July 1846–3 July 1847. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
US Flag with 28 stars. In use 4 July 1846–3 July 1847. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
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US flag 30 stars.svg
US Flag with 30 stars. In use 4 July 1848–3 July 1851. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
US Flag with 30 stars. In use 4 July 1848–3 July 1851. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
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US flag 32 stars.svg
US Flag with 32 stars. In use 4 July 1858–3 July 1859. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
US Flag with 32 stars. In use 4 July 1858–3 July 1859. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
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US flag 24 stars.svg
US Flag with 24 stars. In use 4 July 1822–3 July 1836. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
US Flag with 24 stars. In use 4 July 1822–3 July 1836. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
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US flag 46 stars.svg
US Flag with 46 stars. In use 4 July 1908–3 July 1912. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
Other version: Image:US 46 Star Flag.svg
US flag 49 stars.svg
US Flag with 49 stars. In use 4 July 1959–3 July 1960. It was defined in Executive Order 10798.
US Flag with 49 stars. In use 4 July 1959–3 July 1960. It was defined in Executive Order 10798.
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Grand Union Flag.svg
Version 3.0 of the Grand Union flag (aka Continental Colors). This version rewritten from scratch using a text-editor; with colors from File:Flag of the United States.svg. Previous text: image was created using an image of the pre-1801 Union flag and the SVG of the Betsy Ross flag. The colors are based on information from here. I hope St. George's cross looks straight now.
Version 3.0 of the Grand Union flag (aka Continental Colors). This version rewritten from scratch using a text-editor; with colors from File:Flag of the United States.svg. Previous text: image was created using an image of the pre-1801 Union flag and the SVG of the Betsy Ross flag. The colors are based on information from here. I hope St. George's cross looks straight now.
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US flag 44 stars.svg
US Flag with 44 stars. In use 4 July 1891–3 July 1896. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
US Flag with 44 stars. In use 4 July 1891–3 July 1896. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
.svg)
US flag 35 stars.svg
U.S. flag with 35 stars. In use from 4 July 1863 to 3 July 1865. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
U.S. flag with 35 stars. In use from 4 July 1863 to 3 July 1865. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
Flag of the United States (1890–1891).svg
US Flag with 43 stars. In use 4 July 1890–3 July 1891. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
US Flag with 43 stars. In use 4 July 1890–3 July 1891. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
.svg)
US flag 20 stars.svg
US Flag with 20 stars and 13 stripes (down from 15 in the previous revision.) In use 4 July 1818–3 July 1819. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
US Flag with 20 stars and 13 stripes (down from 15 in the previous revision.) In use 4 July 1818–3 July 1819. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
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StarSpangledBannerFlag.svg
Digital reproduction of the Star Spangled Banner Flag, the 15-star and 15-stripe U.S. garrison flag which flew over Fort McHenry following the Battle of Baltimore in the War of 1812. Seeing the flag during the battle, and again the following morning, inspired Francis Scott Key's song The Star-Spangled Banner, now the U.S. national anthem. During the battle a smaller "storm flag" was flown; it was replaced by this larger flag early the next morning, which is the flag Key saw then. This larger flag is now displayed at the National Museum of American History in Washington, D.C. For several decades it remained in the family of Fort McHenry's commanding officer, before being given to the Smithsonian in 1912. The family cut pieces out of the flag from time to time as gifts.
The original flag was 42 feet long and 30 feet high, with each stripe being about two feet, and the stars being about two feet in diameter. It was made by Mary Young Pickersgill and her assistants. More info on the original dimensions here. The stars seem to mostly point to the side, except for one (the bottom right) which points down. One star has been cut out of the actual flag, so I'm guessing that originally pointed to the side as well (Fort McHenry flies a flag (File:Ft mchenry 15starflag.jpg) with a similar star pattern, but it looks like they are all to the side, and the other dimensions look similar to a modern flag). I guesstimated other dimensions and star positions based on File:Star-Spangled-Banner-1908-1919.jpg; the union (blue area) looks to be about 19 feet wide. The star rows look to be evenly distributed; i.e. the distance between the top/bottom edges and the center of a star row looks to be about the same as the distance between two (centers of) rows. Not so left-to-right; they are pretty close to the right edge and even closer to the hoist side. Also available here, page 12.
US flag 34 stars.svg
U.S. flag with 34 stars. In use from 4 July 1861 to 3 July 1863. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
U.S. flag with 34 stars. In use from 4 July 1861 to 3 July 1863. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
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US flag 26 stars.svg
US Flag with 26 stars. In use 4 July 1837–3 July 1845. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
US Flag with 26 stars. In use 4 July 1837–3 July 1845. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
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US flag 33 stars.svg
US Flag with 33 stars. In use 4 July 1859–3 July 1861. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
US Flag with 33 stars. In use 4 July 1859–3 July 1861. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
US 20 Star GreatStar Flag.svg
20-star United States flag of 1818, with stars in Great Star arrangement. In 1818, the arrangement of stars was formally specified only in the case of flags to be bought for the U.S. Navy. Otherwise, variations freely occurred...
20-star United States flag of 1818, with stars in Great Star arrangement. In 1818, the arrangement of stars was formally specified only in the case of flags to be bought for the U.S. Navy. Otherwise, variations freely occurred...
Flag template.svg
Forfatter/Opretter:
Иконка для статей-заготовок о флагах.
Forfatter/Opretter:
- Inkwina
- Urutseg
Иконка для статей-заготовок о флагах.
.svg)
US flag 23 stars.svg
US Flag with 23 stars. In use 4 July 1820–4 July 1822. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
US Flag with 23 stars. In use 4 July 1820–4 July 1822. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
.svg)
US flag 27 stars.svg
US Flag with 27 stars. In use 4 July 1845–3 July 1846. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
US Flag with 27 stars. In use 4 July 1845–3 July 1846. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
Betsy Ross flag.svg
U.S. flag from 14 June 1777 to 1 May 1795 using a circular star pattern, known as the "Betsy Ross flag". Version of the "Betsy Ross" design of the first flag of the United States (i.e. with 13 stars in a circle), shown with shorter canton and modern 19:10 flag proportions. Apocryphal legend states it was created by Betsy Ross, though this is disputed. The stars all face outward and represent a new constellation. This flag was used from 14 June 1777 to 1 May 1795.
U.S. flag from 14 June 1777 to 1 May 1795 using a circular star pattern, known as the "Betsy Ross flag". Version of the "Betsy Ross" design of the first flag of the United States (i.e. with 13 stars in a circle), shown with shorter canton and modern 19:10 flag proportions. Apocryphal legend states it was created by Betsy Ross, though this is disputed. The stars all face outward and represent a new constellation. This flag was used from 14 June 1777 to 1 May 1795.
.svg)
US flag 37 stars.svg
US Flag with 37 stars. In use 4 July 1867–3 July 1877. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
US Flag with 37 stars. In use 4 July 1867–3 July 1877. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
.svg)
US flag 29 stars.svg
US Flag with 29 stars. In use 4 July 1847–3 July 1848. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
US Flag with 29 stars. In use 4 July 1847–3 July 1848. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
.svg)
U.S. flag, 31 stars.svg
US Flag with 31 stars. In use 4 July 1851–3 July 1858. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
US Flag with 31 stars. In use 4 July 1851–3 July 1858. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain.
US 33 Star Flag 2.png
US 33 star flag
US 33 star flag
.svg)
US flag 45 stars.svg
US Flag with 45 stars. In use 4 July 1896–3 July 1908. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain. This flag was used during the Spanish-American War.
US Flag with 45 stars. In use 4 July 1896–3 July 1908. Created by jacobolus using Adobe Illustrator, and released into the public domain. This flag was used during the Spanish-American War.