Sommer-OL 2008
Værtsby | Beijing, Kina |
---|---|
Motto | One World, One Dream (同一个世界 同一个梦想) |
Deltagende lande | 204 |
Deltagende atleter | 11.028[1] |
Discipliner | 302 i 28 sportsgrene |
Åbnings- ceremoni | 8. august |
Afslutnings- ceremoni | 24. august |
Officielt åbnet af | Præsident Hu Jintao |
Atletløfte | Zhang Yining |
Dommerløfte | Huang Liping |
Fakkelbærer | Li Ning |
Stadion | Beijing Nationalstadion |
Sommer-OL 2008, officielt kendt som De 29. olympiske lege, blev afholdt fra 8. august 2008 til 24. august 2008 med åbningsceremoni klokken 08:08:08 pm[2] CST (14:08:08 dansk tid) på Beijing National Stadium i Beijing, Folkerepublikken Kina. Nogle sportsgrene vil blive afholdt uden for Beijing, navnlig fodbold (i Qinhuangdao, Shanghai, Shenyang og Tianjin), hestesport (i Hong Kong) og sejlsport (i Qingdao). Sommer-OL 2008 var den tredje der blev holdt under jurisdiktion af to forskellige NOK'er (Hong Kong og fastlands-Kina dyster hver for sig).
De olympiske lege blev givet til Beijing, Kina efter en afstemning i International Olympic Committee (IOC) 13. juli 2001. Legenes officielle logo, navngivet Dansende Beijing, forestiller en kalligrafisk karakter jīng (京, betydende hovedstad), med reference til værtsbyen. Maskotterne for Beijing 2008 er de fem Fuwa, der hver repræsenterer en farve i olympisk ringe. Det olympiske slogan, Én Verden, Én Drøm, appellerer til verden om at forene sig i den olympiske ånd. Atleter konkurrerede i 302 forskellige discipliner i 28 sportsgrene, bare én disciplin mere end der var på programmet under Sommer-OL 2004. Flere nye nationale olympiske komiteer (NOK'er) er også blevet anerkendt af IOC.
Folkerepublikken Kinas regering har markedsført legene for at fremhæve Kinas fremkomst på verdensscenen.,[3][4] midt i problemer om miljø og menneskerettighedsovertrædelser, specielt i Tibet. Der har været bekymringer om, at lande vil boykotte legene i protest mod Kinas handlinger i Tibet.[5][6][7] Tidligere i 2007 udtalte den tidligere IOC-præsident Juan Antonio Samaranch, at han troede, at Beijing-legene ville blive de bedste i legenes historie.[8]
Valg af værtsby
Beijing blev valgt som værtsby 13. juli 2001 under den 112. IOC-session i Moskva, hvor byen slog Toronto, Paris, Istanbul og Osaka. Før sessionen havde fem andre byer (Bangkok, Cairo, Havana, Kuala Lumpur og Sevilla) lagt billet ind hos IOC, men de blev siet fra i år 2000. Stemmerne blev afgivet som følger:
Efter første runde havde Beijing et komfortabelt forspring til de fire andre kandidater. Osaka fik kun seks stemmer og blev elimineret. I anden runde blev Beijing støttet af et absolut flertal af stemmerne, hvilket eliminerede nødvendigheden af flere afstemningsrunder.[9]
Sommer-OL 2008 afstemningsresultat | |||
---|---|---|---|
By | National olympisk komité | 1. runde | 2. runde |
Beijing | Kina | 44 | 56 |
Toronto, Ontario | Canada | 20 | 22 |
Paris | Frankrig | 15 | 18 |
Istanbul | Tyrkiet | 17 | 9 |
Osaka | Japan | 6 | — |
Efter at have vundet afstemningen deklarerede vicestatsministeren af Folkerepublikken Kina Li Lanqing (17. august 2001): "Sejren ved afstemningen om Sommer-OL 2008 er et eksempel på den internationale anerkendelse af Kinas sociale stabilitet, økonomiske fremgang og det kinesiske folks sunde liv." Tidligere havde Beijing afgivet bud for at afholde Sommer-OL 2000. Byen førte de tre første runder, men tabte i sidste ende til Sydney i den sidste runde i 1993.
Sportsgrene
Programmet for legene i Beijing 2008 ligner ret meget programmet for legene i Athen i 2004. Man kunne i 2008 se 28 sportsgrene som i 2004, og 302 discipliner indenfor disse sportsgrene (165 for mænd, 127 for kvinder og 10 blandede), hvilket er én mere samlet set end i Athen.
Samlet set blev ni nye discipliner afholdt, hvilket inkluderede to fra den nye disciplin BMX, der er en del af cyklingen. Kvinderne konkurrerede indenfor 3000 meter forhindringsløb for første gang. Marathonsvømning for mænd og kvinder over en distance på 10 km blev desuden tilføjet til svømmedisciplinerne. Holdkonkurrencerne (mænd og kvinder) indenfor bordtennis erstattede doublekonkurrencerne. Ved fægtning erstattede kvindernes holdkonkurrencer indenfor fleuret og sabel mændenes og kvindernes holdkonkurrencer indenfor hhv. fleuret og kårde.[10][11]
I midten af 2006 holdt computerspillere møder med den kinesiske regering i håbet om tilladelsen til at computerspil blev en demonstrationssport til legene. Demonstrationsbegivenheder er ikke blevet afholdt ved noget olympisk lege (sommer og vinter) siden 1992.[12]
Den 7. august 2006, én dag før 2-året til de olympiske lege, frigav Beijing tilrettelæggelseskomitén piktogrammer for de 35 olympiske sportsgrene. Hver piktogram er designet således at folk verden rundt kan identificere de olympiske leges mange sportsgrene. Dette sæt af ikoner er navngivet seglskriftens skønhed (en: the beauty of seal characters), begrundet i udformningen af de enkelte piktogrammer, så de ligner den traditionelle kinesiske seglskrift.[13]
Der blev dystet i de følgende sportsgrene under legene. De olympiske vandsportsgrene var blevet opdelt i udspring, svømning, synkronsvømning og vandpolo. I parentes er de discipliner, som der bliver konkurreret i inden for de forskellige sportsgrene.
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(Bemærk, at de anvendte piktogrammer af rettighedsmæssige årsager ikke er de officielle for legene i 2008, men derimod generelle piktogrammer.)
Deltagerlande
I 2008 deltog 204 ud af de 205 medlemmer af den olympiske familie med tre debutanter: Marshalløerne (5 deltagere), Montenegro (17) og Tuvalu (3). Serbien har efter Montenegros løsrivelse overtaget Serbien og Montenegros plads. Kosovo stillede ikke op, da de ikke havde en olympisk komité.
Nord- og Sydkorea forsøgte at opstille ét koreansk hold, men grundet uenighed strandede den idé. Den irakiske regering blandede sig for meget i deres olympiske hold hvilket medførte at Irak i en lille måned ikke var inviteret. Efter irakiske løfter om mindre statsstyring blev Irak inviteret igen. Brunei tilmeldte sig ikke da deres kuglestøder var skadet.
Lige siden 1984 har taiwanske atleter deltaget i de olympiske lege som "Kinesiske Taipei" (TPE) [14] under "Kinesisk Taipei Olympisk Flag" i stedet for deres nationalflag og brugt en anden hymne end Taiwans nationalhymne ved guldmedaljeceremonien. Taiwans deltagelse i Beijing-2008 har været i fare grundet uenighed om holdets navn på kinesisk og om Taiwans delegation ved åbningsceremonien skulle marchere ind sammen Hong Kong (der kæmper under eget flag selvom Hong Kong ikke er en selvstændig nation).[15] Tilskuere må hverken vise Taiwans flag inden for eller uden for stadionerne[16]
Medaljeoversigt
Sommer-OL 2008 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nr. | Land | 1 | 2 | 3 | Total |
1 | Kina | 51 | 21 | 28 | 100 |
2 | USA | 36 | 38 | 36 | 110 |
3 | Rusland | 23 | 21 | 28 | 72 |
4 | Storbritannien | 19 | 13 | 15 | 47 |
5 | Tyskland | 16 | 10 | 15 | 41 |
6 | Australien | 14 | 15 | 17 | 46 |
7 | Sydkorea | 13 | 10 | 8 | 31 |
8 | Japan | 9 | 6 | 10 | 25 |
9 | Italien | 8 | 10 | 10 | 28 |
10 | Frankrig | 7 | 16 | 17 | 40 |
11 | Ukraine | 7 | 5* | 15* | 27 |
12 | Holland | 7 | 5 | 4 | 16 |
13 | Jamaica | 6 | 3 | 2 | 11 |
14 | Spanien | 5 | 10 | 3 | 18 |
15 | Kenya | 5 | 5 | 4 | 14 |
16 | Hviderusland | 4 | 5 | 10 | 19 |
17 | Rumænien | 4 | 1 | 3 | 8 |
18 | Etiopien | 4 | 1 | 2 | 7 |
19 | Canada | 3 | 9 | 6 | 18 |
20 | Polen | 3 | 6 | 1 | 10 |
21 | Ungarn | 3 | 5 | 2 | 10 |
Norge | 3 | 5 | 2** | 10 | |
23 | Brasilien | 3 | 4 | 8 | 15 |
24 | Tjekkiet | 3 | 3 | 0 | 6 |
25 | Slovakiet | 3 | 2 | 1 | 6 |
26 | New Zealand | 3 | 1 | 5 | 9 |
27 | Georgien | 3 | 0 | 3 | 6 |
28 | Cuba | 2 | 11 | 11 | 24 |
29 | Kasakhstan | 2 | 4 | 7 | 13 |
30 | Danmark | 2 | 2 | 3 | 7 |
31 | Mongoliet | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 |
Thailand | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 | |
33 | Nordkorea | 2 | 1*** | 3*** | 6 |
34 | Argentina | 2 | 0 | 4 | 6 |
Schweiz | 2 | 0 | 4 | 6 | |
36 | Mexico | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
37 | Tyrkiet | 1 | 4 | 3 | 8 |
38 | Zimbabwe | 1 | 3 | 0 | 4 |
39 | Aserbajdsjan | 1 | 2 | 4 | 7 |
40 | Usbekistan | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
41 | Slovenien | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
42 | Bulgarien | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 |
Indonesien | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 | |
44 | Finland | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
45 | Letland | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
46 | Belgien | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Dominikanske Republik | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |
Estland | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |
Portugal | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |
50 | Indien | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
51 | Iran | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
52 | Bahrain | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cameroun | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
Panama | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
Tunesien | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
56 | Sverige | 0 | 4 | 1**** | 5 |
57 | Kroatien | 0 | 2 | 3 | 5 |
Litauen | 0 | 2 | 3 | 5 | |
59 | Grækenland | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
60 | Trinidad og Tobago | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
61 | Nigeria | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
62 | Østrig | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Irland | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
Serbien | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
65 | Algeriet | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
Bahamas | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
Colombia | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
Kirgisistan | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
Marokko | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
Tajikistan | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
71 | Chile | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Ecuador | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Island | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Malaysia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Sydafrika | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Singapore | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Sudan | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Vietnam | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
79 | Armenien | 0 | 0 | 6 | 6 |
80 | Kinesiske Taipei | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 |
81 | Afghanistan | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Egypten | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Israel | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Moldova | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Mauritius | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Togo | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Venezuela | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
I alt | 302 | 303 | 353 | 958 | |
* eksklusiv dopingdømte Lyudmila Blonskas to medaljer. | |||||
** Tony André Hansens hest Camiro var dopet så han mistede sin bronzemedalje. De tre andre nordmænd på holdet havde ikke dopede heste så som hold modtog Norge bronzemedaljen. 30. august afgør B-prøven om Norge beholder bronzemedaljen. | |||||
*** eksklusiv dopingdømte Kim Jong Sus to medaljer. | |||||
**** eksklusiv Ara Abrahamianas bronzemedalje i brydning (84 kg). |
Danske medaljer (endelige resultat)
Medalje | Navn | Sportsgren | Disciplin |
---|---|---|---|
Guld | Mads Kruse Andersen Eskild Ebbesen Thomas Ebert Morten Jørgensen | Roning | Letvægtsfirer |
Guld | Martin Kirketerp Jonas Warrer | Sejlsport | 49er |
Sølv | Casper Jørgensen Jens-Erik Madsen Michael Mørkøv Alex Nicki Rasmussen | Cykling | Holdforfølgelsesløb |
Sølv | Kim Wraae Knudsen René Holten Poulsen | Kano og kajak | 1000 m toerkajak |
Bronze | Andreas Helgstrand Nathalie zu Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg Anne van Olst | Hestesport | Holddressur |
Bronze | Lotte Friis | Svømning | 800 meter fri |
Bronze | Rasmus Quist Hansen Mads Reinholdt Rasmussen | Roning | Letvægtsdobbeltsculler |
Kalender
Konkurrencerne ved sommer-OL 2008 blev afviklet som skemaet angiver:
Åbningsceremoni | Indledende konkurrencer | Finaler | Opvisning | Afslutningsceremoni |
August | 6. O | 7. T | 8. F | 9. L | 10. S | 11. M | 12. T | 13. O | 14. T | 15. F | 16. L | 17. S | 18. M | 19. T | 20. O | 21. T | 22. F | 23. L | 24. S | Guld medaljer |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Atletik | 47 | |||||||||||||||||||
Badminton | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||
Baseball | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||
Basketball | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||
Boksning | 11 | |||||||||||||||||||
Bordtennis | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||
Brydning | 18 | |||||||||||||||||||
Bueskydning | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||
Cykling | 18 | |||||||||||||||||||
Fodbold | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||
Fægtning | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||
Gymnastik | 18 | |||||||||||||||||||
Hestesport | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||
Hockey | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||
Håndbold | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||
Judo | 14 | |||||||||||||||||||
Kano | 16 | |||||||||||||||||||
Moderne femkamp | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||
Roning | 14 | |||||||||||||||||||
Sejlsport | 11 | |||||||||||||||||||
Skydning | 15 | |||||||||||||||||||
Softball | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||
Svømning | 34 | |||||||||||||||||||
Synkronsvømning | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||
Taekwondo | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||
Tennis | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||
Triatlon | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||
Udspring | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||
Vandpolo | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||
Volleyball | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||
Vægtløftning | 15 | |||||||||||||||||||
Total antal guldmedaljer | 7 | 14 | 13 | 19 | 17 | 17 | 16 | 30 | 34 | 18 | 20 | 11 | 23 | 20 | 31 | 12 | 302 | |||
Ceremonier | ||||||||||||||||||||
August | 6. O | 7. T | 8. F | 9. L | 10. S | 11. M | 12. T | 13. O | 14. T | 15. F | 16. L | 17. S | 18. M | 19. T | 20. O | 21. T | 22. F | 23. L | 24. S |
Doping-sager
Den nordkoreanske skytte Kim Jong-su fik frataget sin sølv- og bronzemedalje[17], fordi han havde brugt propranolol til at kontrollere rystelser.
Den ukrainske syvkæmper Ljudmila Blonska fik frataget sin sølvmedalje[18], fordi hun havde taget anabolske steroider; metyltestosteron.
Hviderusserne Vadim Devjatovskij og Ivan Tsikhan fik frataget henholdsvis sølv- og bronzemedalje i hammerkast, fordi de havde taget anabolske steroider; testosteron[19].
Nordmanden Tony André Hansen fik frataget sin bronzemedalje, fordi han havde givet sin hest Camiro capsaicin så den ikke kunne mærke ledsmerter[20]. De tre resterende norske ryttere mistede ligeledes deres bronzemedaljer da det var en holdsport.
Det blev. d. 28. april 2009 offentliggjort, at 6 atleter blev testet positive for doping-stoffet CERA under OL i Beijing. Dette kom frem, efter IOC efteranalyserede 847 prøver fra OL. Udøverenes navne er endnu ukendt, men der er tale om udøvere fra følgende udholdenhedssportsgrene: cykling, roning, svømning og atletik[21].
Den græske trespringer Pigi Devetzi blev 17. november 2016 af IOC frataget sin bronzemedalje, efter at nye analyser har afsløret hendes brug af det forbudte stof tanozolol.[22]
Se også
Fodnoter
- ^ Den Internationale Olympiske Komité (1. august 2008). "NOC entry forms received". Hentet 9. august 2008. Arkiveret 8. august 2008.
- ^ "Beijing Confirms the Opening Ceremony Time for 2008 Olympics". Arkiveret fra originalen 9. august 2008. Hentet 8. august 2008.
- ^ "China's coming out party". Toronto Star. august 2007.
- ^ "2008-The Year of China?". BusinessCenter.TV. 2007-08-07. Arkiveret fra originalen 4. maj 2008. Hentet 2008-01-02.
- ^ EU may boycott Olympics over 'cultural genocide' Arkiveret 10. maj 2008 hos Wayback Machine Malaysia Sun, 26. marts 2008
- ^ Polish government to boycott opening of Olympics Arkiveret 5. april 2008 hos Wayback Machine 27th March 2008
- ^ Sarkozy hints at boycott Toronto Star 26. marts 2008
- ^ "Beijing 2008 will be best-ever Games: Samaranch". BOCOG. 2007-06-25. Arkiveret fra originalen 1. august 2008. Hentet 2007-06-25.
- ^ "Beijing 2008: Election". International Olympic Committee. Hentet 2006-12-18.
- ^ "Beijing 2008: Games Programme Finalised". International Olympic Committee. 2006-04-27. Hentet 2006-05-10.
- ^ "Programme of the Games of the XXIX Olympiad, Beijing 2008" (PDF). International Olympic Committee. Arkiveret fra originalen (PDF) 23. juli 2011. Hentet 15. maj 2006.
- ^ Morris, Chris (2006-05-31). "Competitive gaming trying to earn a berth in the Olympics". Game Over. Cable News Network. Hentet 2006-06-03.
{{cite news}}
: Ekstern henvisning i
(hjælp); Mere end en|publisher=
og|work=
|author=
og|last=
angivet (hjælp) - ^ "Pictograms of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games unveiled". BOCOG. 2006-08-07. Arkiveret fra originalen 20. april 2008. Hentet 2006-08-09.
- ^ "Reinstatement in the Olympic Movement" Arkiveret 2. september 2017 hos Wayback Machine, Chinese Olympic Committee, 27. marts, 2004
- ^ "Taiwan clears Games hurdle" Arkiveret 26. maj 2012 hos hos Archive.is, The Australian, 4. august, 2008
- ^ "Taiwanese plan to skirt Olympics flag ban", International Herald Tribune – Asia-Pacific, 12. august, 2008
- ^ IOC: Medalje-vinder testet positiv og smidt hjem 15. aug. 2008
- ^ Femte dopingtilfælde under OL (Webside ikke længere tilgængelig) 20. aug. 2008
- ^ I.O.C. Strips 2 Medalists for Doping (engelsk) 11. dec. 2008
- ^ Update regarding Doping / Medication Cases at the 2008 Olympic Games (engelsk) 28. aug. 2008
- ^ "6 positive for CERA i Bejing". Feltet.dk. Arkiveret fra originalen 7. marts 2016. Hentet 29. april 2009.
- ^ Devetzi stripped of bronze medal from Beijing 2008 Games, eKathimerini.com, 17/11 2016 (hentet 21/11 2016)
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Pictograms of Olympic sports – . This is an unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Softball. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Boxing. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Sailing. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Flag of Togo. Aspect ratio modified for projects that require an aspect ratio of 3:2.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Shooting. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Modern pentathlon. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Field hockey. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Swimming. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Fencing. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Water polo. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Forfatter/Opretter: Dufo, Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
Anzahl der Athleten.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Judo. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for the 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Archery. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictogramme officiel triathlon olympique
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Wrestling. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Canoeing (flatwater). This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Baseball. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Badminton. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Weightlifting. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Diving. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograma de los juegos ecuestres.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Rowing. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Tennis. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.