Skriftemål

Skiftemålet, maleri af Giuseppe Molteni.

Skriftemål eller skrifte betegner den syndsbekendelse som aflægges for præsten med efterfølgende absolution (syndsforladelse) fra præstens, skriftefaderens, side overfor skriftebarnet. Finder skriftemål sted på dødslejet siges i kirkesproget, at skriftefaderen beretter skriftebarnet. Skriftemål er et væsentligt led i boden.

I den katolske kirke er det private skriftemål ("ørebigten"), den hemmelige syndsbekendelse for præsten, med opregning af alle bevidste dødssynder, en absolut pligt, der officielt indførtes i 1215. Luther afskaffede det private skriftemål som pligt og bekæmpede den romerske udvorteshed, men anbefalede det som frivillig handling, og i den form er det bevaret i den lutherske kirke, hvor det dog sjældent benyttes. Ved gudstjenesten er både hos de reformerte og i adskillige lutherske landskirker, for eksempel Danmarks og Norges, indført et almindeligt skriftemål, hvorved præsten aflægger en syndsbekendelse på menighedens vegne og tilsiger de enkelte syndernes forladelse. Dette almindelige skriftemål anvendes over for nadvergæsterne før altergangen, og forud for det går ofte en skriftetale.

I nyere tid er der flere steder arbejdet for at få det private skriftemål mere frem i den protestantiske kirke, for eksempel var Henric Schartau i Sverige ivrig for denne tanke.

Kilde

Skriftemaal i Salmonsens Konversationsleksikon (2. udgave, 1926), bind 21, side 658, skrevet af dr.theol. Alfred Th. Jørgensen

Autoritetsdata

Medier brugt på denne side

Gnome globe current event.svg
Forfatter/Opretter: David Vignoni (globe, clock face/ring), Anomie (clock hands), David Göthberg (making the clock red, shadows). Anomie and David G (putting all the parts together)., Licens: LGPL
Globe with clock to represent a "current event"
Clockimportant.svg
Forfatter/Opretter:

The original uploader was Yzmo at engelsk Wikipedia.

Later versions were uploaded by Tene at en.wikipedia., Licens: LGPL
This image is combined from the following two images.
Artgate Fondazione Cariplo - Molteni Giuseppe, La confessione.jpg
(c) Fondazione Cariplo, CC BY-SA 3.0

Bought and sold repeatedly on the antique market in the second half of the 1980s, this painting came into the Cariplo Collection in its original neo-baroque frame from a private collection in 1998. The history of its ownership began in 1838, when it was purchased by Ferdinand I of Austria for the Belvedere in Vienna. As a result of the financial problems besetting the Habsburgs, it was then decided to sell the work together with other Italian paintings from the collection, which were auctioned at the Galleria Scopinich, Milan, in 1928.

It was exhibited at the Esposizione Nazionale di Belle Arti di Brera in 1838 and proved a great success with the public and critics alike – further enhanced by its acquisition for the imperial collections – as a result of the subject, drawn directly from contemporary life and portrayed in the large format previously reserved for history painting. The iconographic and compositional model of the work can perhaps be traced to The Confession (1712, Dresden, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen) by the Bolognese painter Giuseppe Maria Crespi (1665–1747), which portrays the sacrament of confession as a familiar part of everyday life.

The sweet yet pert woman kneeling in the confessional was thought by some contemporary critics to represent a young mother who had yielded to the advances of an admirer. Meticulously captured in all the details of furnishing and dress, the contemporary scene was instead seen by the Catholic critic Pietro Estense Selvatico as designed to illustrate the moral beauty of everyday life. Already sought after as a fashionable portrait painter in the 1830s, Giuseppe Molteni thus developed a type of genre painting then in great demand on the market, depicting aspects of society and day-to-day life in a variety of styles ranging from folksy and anecdotal to dramatic in subjects of social satire.