STS-82
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| Missionsstatistik | |||||
| Missionsnavn: | STS-82 | ||||
| Rumagentur: | NASA | ||||
| Rumfærge: | Discovery (22) | ||||
| Antal besætningsmedlemmer: | 7 | ||||
| Affyringsrampe: | LC-39B (KSC) | ||||
| Opsendelse: | 11 februar 1997 | ||||
| Landing: | 21 februar 1997 | ||||
| Landet på: | Kennedy Space Center | ||||
| Varighed: | 9 dage, 23 timer | ||||
| Foto af besætningen | |||||
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STS-82 (Space Transportation System-82) var Discoverys 22. rumfærge-mission.
Opsendt 11. februar 1997 og vendte tilbage den 21. februar 1997.
Missionen var rumfærgernes 2. servicemission til Hubble-rumteleskopet. Hubble var blevet opsendt med STS-31, men teleskopet havde en fejl der blev repareret på STS-61 (1. servicemission).
Efterfølgende service missioner til Hubble: STS-103 (3. servicemission), STS-109 (4. servicemission) og den sidste hubble-mission med rumfærgerne er STS-125 (5. servicemission) planlagt i sommeren 2008.
Besætning
Kenneth Bowersox (kaptajn)- Scott Horowitz (pilot)
- Joseph Tanner (1. missionsspecialist)
- Steven Hawley (2. missionsspecialist)
- Gregory Harbaugh (3. missionsspecialist)
- Mark Lee (4. missionsspecialist og 'Payload Commander')
- Steven Smith (5. missionsspecialist)
Arbejder på Hubble
- Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph (GHRS) fra 1990 blev afløst af Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS). Begge instrumenter er på størrelse med telefonbokse.
- Faint Object Spectrograph (FOS) fra 1990 blev afløst af Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS). Begge instrumenter er på størrelse med telefonbokse.
- For at Hubble kan pege mod et bestemt mål har den tre Fine Guidance Sensor (FGS) der indeholder spejle, prismer og linser. De er en slags søgekikkerter der angiver retningen med stor præcision. FGS3 blev udskiftet med en ombygget FGS. Efterhånden skal alle tre FGS være ombygget til at jordstationen kan aflæse dem.
- Til opbevaring af data fra instrumenterne indtil de kan transmitteres havde Hubble fra starten af tre Engineering Science Tape Recorders (ESTR) båndstationer. Der er mange bevægelige dele i en båndstation og båndene slides efterhånden. Derfor blev den ene båndstation udskiftet med en Solid State Recorder (SSR) halvlederbaseret hukommelse på 12 gigabyte.
- Hubble har fire svinghjul Reaction Wheel Assemblies (RWA) til at ændre retning i rummet. Normalt anvender rumfartøjer styreraketter til dette, men de ville forurene Hubbles spejle og instrumenter med deres exosgasser. Et af svinghjulene blev udskiftet pga. slitage.
- Hubble-teleskopet omkredser Jorden på 97 minutter og skifter fra at være i den brændende sol til den iskolde jordskygge. For at undgå at teleskopet slår sig ved bratte temperaturændringer er Hubble pakket ind i isolerende tæpper. Disse er med tiden mørnet af ultraviolet stråling og klodsede astronauter. Discoverys astronauter var kreative og lappede tæpperne med faldskærmssnor, teflonomviklet kobbertråd, straps og velcro.
- Hubble-teleskopet kredser rundt i termosfæren og nedbremses ganske langsomt af den ekstremt tynde luft. Discovery steg op til 570 km mens Hubble var koblet til rumfærgen. Da Hubble ikke har nogen raketmotor er denne procedure nødvendig.
Mark Lee og Steven Smith.
Joseph Tanner.
Hovedartikler:
Hovedartikler: Rumfærge og Rumfærge-programmet. | Wikimedia Commons har medier relateret til: |
Eksterne henvisninger
- STS-82 NASA (engelsk)
- Hubble missioner Arkiveret 6. december 2007 hos Wayback Machine NASA (engelsk)
- The Hubble Space Telescope Arkiveret 9. februar 2012 hos Wayback Machine NASA (engelsk)
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Blue male symbol.svg
Forfatter/Opretter: Kwamikagami, Licens: CC BY-SA 4.0
symbol of Mars. 16 × 16 pixel nominal dimensions, lines 2 pixel thick, square caps. Colour 75% blue: red=0 green=0 blue=191 (#0000BF).
Forfatter/Opretter: Kwamikagami, Licens: CC BY-SA 4.0
symbol of Mars. 16 × 16 pixel nominal dimensions, lines 2 pixel thick, square caps. Colour 75% blue: red=0 green=0 blue=191 (#0000BF).
Male symbol (heavy blue).svg
Forfatter/Opretter: Kwamikagami, Licens: CC BY-SA 4.0
symbol of Mars. 16 × 16 pixel nominal dimensions, lines 2 pixel thick, square caps. Colour 75% blue: red=0 green=0 blue=191 (#0000BF).
Forfatter/Opretter: Kwamikagami, Licens: CC BY-SA 4.0
symbol of Mars. 16 × 16 pixel nominal dimensions, lines 2 pixel thick, square caps. Colour 75% blue: red=0 green=0 blue=191 (#0000BF).
STS-121-DiscoveryEnhanced.jpg
Rotated and color enhanced version of original (ISS013-E-48788 (6 July 2006) --- The Space Shuttle Discovery approaches the International Space Station for docking but before the link-up occurred, the orbiter "posed" for a thorough series of inspection photos. Leonardo Multipurpose Logistics Module can be seen in the shuttle's cargo bay. Discovery docked at the station's Pressurized Mating Adapter 2 at 9:52 a.m. CDT, July 6, 2006.)
Rotated and color enhanced version of original (ISS013-E-48788 (6 July 2006) --- The Space Shuttle Discovery approaches the International Space Station for docking but before the link-up occurred, the orbiter "posed" for a thorough series of inspection photos. Leonardo Multipurpose Logistics Module can be seen in the shuttle's cargo bay. Discovery docked at the station's Pressurized Mating Adapter 2 at 9:52 a.m. CDT, July 6, 2006.)
Shuttle Patch.svg
SVG version of PNG Space Shuttle Logo/Patch.
SVG version of PNG Space Shuttle Logo/Patch.
STS-82 Hubble.jpg
Mark C. Lee, payload commander (in foreground) and Steven L. Smith during EVA setup.
Mark C. Lee, payload commander (in foreground) and Steven L. Smith during EVA setup.
Sts-81-patch.png
The crew patch for STS-81 , the fifth Shuttle-Mir docking mission, is shaped to represent the Roman numeral V. The Shuttle Atlantis is launching toward a rendezvous with Russia's Mir Space Station, silhouetted in the background. Atlantis and the STS-81 crew spent several days docked to Mir during which time Jerry M. Lineger (NASA-Mir-4) replaced astronaut John Blaha (NASA-Mir-3) as the U.S. crew member onboard Mir. The U.S. and Russian flags are depicted along with the names of the shuttle crew.
The crew patch for STS-81 , the fifth Shuttle-Mir docking mission, is shaped to represent the Roman numeral V. The Shuttle Atlantis is launching toward a rendezvous with Russia's Mir Space Station, silhouetted in the background. Atlantis and the STS-81 crew spent several days docked to Mir during which time Jerry M. Lineger (NASA-Mir-4) replaced astronaut John Blaha (NASA-Mir-3) as the U.S. crew member onboard Mir. The U.S. and Russian flags are depicted along with the names of the shuttle crew.
STS-82 Joseph Tanner.jpg
Joseph Tanner, of STS-82, in a spacewalk to do maintenance on the Hubble Space Telescope. This photo taken by his collegue, Gregory Harbaugh, in 1997.
Joseph Tanner, of STS-82, in a spacewalk to do maintenance on the Hubble Space Telescope. This photo taken by his collegue, Gregory Harbaugh, in 1997.
STS-82 crew.jpg
The crew assigned to the STS-82 mission included (seated front left to right) Kenneth D. Bowersox, commander; Steven A. Hawley, mission specialist; and Scott J. Horowitz, pilot. On the back row (left to right) are Joseph R. Tanner, mission specialist; Gregory J. Harbaugh, mission specialist; Mark C. Lee, payload commander; and Steven L. Smith, mission specialist. Launched aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery on February 11, 1997 at 3:55:17 am (EST), the STS-82 mission served as the second Hubble Space telescope servicing mission.
The crew assigned to the STS-82 mission included (seated front left to right) Kenneth D. Bowersox, commander; Steven A. Hawley, mission specialist; and Scott J. Horowitz, pilot. On the back row (left to right) are Joseph R. Tanner, mission specialist; Gregory J. Harbaugh, mission specialist; Mark C. Lee, payload commander; and Steven L. Smith, mission specialist. Launched aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery on February 11, 1997 at 3:55:17 am (EST), the STS-82 mission served as the second Hubble Space telescope servicing mission.
Sts-82-patch.png
STS-82 Mission Insignia
STS-82 Mission Insignia
- STS-82 is the second mission to service the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The central feature of the patch is HST as the crew members will see it through Discovery's overhead windows when the orbiter approaches for rendezvous, retrieval and a subsequent series of spacewalks to perform servicing tasks. The telescope is pointing toward deep space, observing the cosmos. The spiral galaxy symbolizes one of HST's important scientific missions, to accurately determine the cosmic distance scale. To the right of the telescope is a cross-like structure known as a gravitational lens, one of the numerous fundamental discoveries made using HST Imagery. The names of the STS-82 crew members are arranged around the perimeter of the patch with the extravehicular activity's (EVA) participating crew members placed in the upper semicircle and the orbiter crew in the lower one.
Sts-83-patch.png
The crew patch for NASA's STS-83 mission depicts the Space Shuttle Columbia launching into space for the first Microgravity Sciences Laboratory 1 (MSL-1) mission. MSL-1 investigated materials science, fluid dynamics, biotechnology, and combustion science in the microgravity environment of space, experiments that were conducted in the Spacelab Module in the Space Shuttle Columbia's cargo bay. The center circle symbolizes a free liquid under microgravity conditions representing various fluid and materials science experiments. Symbolic of the combustion experiments is the surrounding starburst of a blue flame burning in space. The 3-lobed shape of the outermost starburst ring traces the dot pattern of a transmission Laue photograph typical of biotechnology experiments. The numerical designation for the mission is shown at bottom center. As a forerunner to missions involving International Space Station (ISS), STS-83 represented the hope that scientific results and knowledge gained during the flight will be applied to solving problems on Earth for the benefit and advancement of humankind.
The crew patch for NASA's STS-83 mission depicts the Space Shuttle Columbia launching into space for the first Microgravity Sciences Laboratory 1 (MSL-1) mission. MSL-1 investigated materials science, fluid dynamics, biotechnology, and combustion science in the microgravity environment of space, experiments that were conducted in the Spacelab Module in the Space Shuttle Columbia's cargo bay. The center circle symbolizes a free liquid under microgravity conditions representing various fluid and materials science experiments. Symbolic of the combustion experiments is the surrounding starburst of a blue flame burning in space. The 3-lobed shape of the outermost starburst ring traces the dot pattern of a transmission Laue photograph typical of biotechnology experiments. The numerical designation for the mission is shown at bottom center. As a forerunner to missions involving International Space Station (ISS), STS-83 represented the hope that scientific results and knowledge gained during the flight will be applied to solving problems on Earth for the benefit and advancement of humankind.