STS-135

STS-135
Missionsemblem
Missionsstatistik
Missionsnavn:STS-135
Rumagentur:NASA
Rumfærge:Atlantis (33)
Antal besætningsmedlemmer:4
Affyringsrampe:LC-39A (KSC)
Opsendelse:8. juli 2011
Landing:21. juli 2011 11:57
Landet på:KSC (planlagt)
Varighed:13 døgn
Antal kredsløb:200
Foto af besætningen

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STS-134 STS-134
Denne artikel handler om en mission i rumfærge-programmet. For informationer om programmet se rumfærge-programmet.

STS-135 (Space Transportation System-135) er rumfærgen Atlantis' 33. og sidste rummission og den sidste rumfærge-mission i rumfærge-programmet.

Opsendelsen skete d. 8. juli 2011 kl. 11:29 AM lokal tid dvs. 17:29 dansk (sommer)tid. Atlantis blev koblet sammen med ISS d. 10. juli kl. 17:07 dansk tid.

Rumfærgen medbragte Multipurpose logistics-containeren Raffaello til Den Internationale Rumstation (ISS). Der blev udført en rumvandring, men den blev ikke udført af rumfærgebesætningen som det er kutyme, når en rumfærge besøger ISS-rumstationen. I stedet var det de to amerikanske astronauter fra ISS-besætningen der udførte rumvandringen.

Flyvningen var oprindeligt planlagt som redningsmission for STS-134. Men eftersom Kongressen afsatte midler til STS-135 benyttede NASA muligheden for en ekstra mission.


21. juli 2011 klokken 11:57 (dansk tid) landede rumfærgen Atlantis i Kennedy Space Center i Florida, med kaptajn Christopher Ferguson bag pinden, hvilket markerede afslutningen på 30 år med rumfærger i USA.

Besætning

Hovedartikler:

Hovedartikler: Rumfærge og Rumfærge-programmet.
Wikimedia Commons har medier relateret til:

Missionen

Opsendelsen fandt sted d. 8. juli med næsten 1 million tilskuere. På andendagen var der rutineeftersyn af Atlantis' varmeskjold før næste dags sammenkobling med rumstationen [1] [2] [3] [4] [5].

Dagen efter sammenkoblingen, turens fjerde dag, blev Raffaello flyttet fra rumfærgen til rumstationen. Meget udstyr skulle flyttes fra Raffaello til ISS, og en masse fragt skal retur til Jorden fra rumstationen. Da rumfærgen er det eneste fartøj med så stor lastkapacitet, var der afsat flere dage til overførsel af fragt, og missionen blev forlænget med en dag. Da der ikke er nogen vaskemaskine om bord, skal besætningen have en del tøj bragt op. En person, der er i kredsløb i seks måneder, kan dog ikke forvente at få rent undertøj hver dag. Astronauterne vil typisk skifte undertøj hver 3-4 dag. Snavsetøjet brænder typisk op med Progress-fartøjet, selv om man overvejer at fodre bakterier med det[6]

På femtedagen udførte Michael Fossum og Ronald Garan fra ISS en rumvandring, rumvandringen varede 6 timer og 31 minutter. Reservedele fra Atlantis' lastrum blev hentet og defekte dele fra ISS blev anbragt i stedet for.

Efterfølgende dag blev astronauterne vækket med sangen "Rocket Man" af sangeren Elton John, Elton John takkede endvidere alle de mennesker der har arbejdet med rumfærgerne gennem tiden [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12].

Yderligere undersøgelse af rumfærgens varmeskjold blev ikke udført, sjette og syvende dag blev brugt på overførsel af fragt og mediekonferencer. En alarm vækkede besætningen pga. fejl på en computer på syvende dag. Besætningen fik lov til at sove en halv time længere på ottendedagen og rumfærgens computerproblemer blev undersøgt nærmere. Den ottende dag blev en mediekonference med præsident Barak Obama afholdt [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18].


Niende dag, Atlantis fik renset luften i kabinen ved hjælp af rumstationens system, rumfærgens eget system til fjernelse af CO2 var ude af drift [19].

Udsigt til ISS efter frakoblingen
Tidsplan
1. dag – Opsendelse fra KSC
2. dag – Undersøgelse af varmeskjold (Orbiter Boom Sensor System – OBSS)
3. dag – Ankomst og sammenkobling rumfærge/rumstation
4. dag – Raffaello flyttes fra Atlantis' lastrum og kobles til Harmonys nadir-luge
5. dag – Rumvandring Ronald Garan og Michael Fossum
6. dag – Hvis nødvendigt udføres en grundig undersøgelse af varmeskjoldet
7. dag – Overførsel af fragt og delvis hviledag
8. dag – Mediekonferencer og overførsel af fragt
9. dag – Overførsel af fragt og delvis hviledag
10. dag – Raffaello kobles fra rumstationen og monteres i rumfærgens lastrum
11. dag – Ekstra dag
12. dag – Frakobling kl. 8:28
13. dag – Forberedelse til landing
14. dag – Landing KSC kl. 5:57 AM lokal tid dvs. 11:57 dansk tid

Eksterne henvisninger

  1. ^ (engelsk) STS-135 MCC Status Report #01 Arkiveret 12. juli 2011 hos Wayback Machine
  2. ^ (engelsk) STS-135 MCC Status Report #02 Arkiveret 10. juli 2011 hos Wayback Machine
  3. ^ (engelsk) STS-135 MCC Status Report #03 Arkiveret 12. juli 2011 hos Wayback Machine
  4. ^ (engelsk) STS-135 MCC Status Report #04 Arkiveret 13. juli 2011 hos Wayback Machine
  5. ^ (engelsk) STS-135 MCC Status Report #05 Arkiveret 13. juli 2011 hos Wayback Machine
  6. ^ Astronauts' Dirty Laundry Arkiveret 20. august 2011 hos Wayback Machine nasa.gov 10. april 2003
  7. ^ (engelsk) STS-135 MCC Status Report #06 Arkiveret 13. juli 2011 hos Wayback Machine
  8. ^ (engelsk) STS-135 MCC Status Report #07 Arkiveret 13. juli 2011 hos Wayback Machine
  9. ^ (engelsk) STS-135 MCC Status Report #08 Arkiveret 13. juli 2011 hos Wayback Machine
  10. ^ (engelsk) STS-135 MCC Status Report #09 Arkiveret 15. juli 2011 hos Wayback Machine
  11. ^ (engelsk) STS-135 MCC Status Report #10 Arkiveret 15. juli 2011 hos Wayback Machine
  12. ^ (engelsk) Elton John Wake Up Song and Greeting for STS-135
  13. ^ (engelsk) STS-135 MCC Status Report #11 Arkiveret 17. juli 2011 hos Wayback Machine
  14. ^ (engelsk) STS-135 MCC Status Report #12 Arkiveret 26. juli 2011 hos Wayback Machine
  15. ^ (engelsk) STS-135 MCC Status Report #13 Arkiveret 26. juli 2011 hos Wayback Machine
  16. ^ (engelsk) STS-135: GPC-4 issue awakens crew – TPS clearance overview NASASpaceFlight.com
  17. ^ (engelsk) STS-135 MCC Status Report #14 Arkiveret 18. juli 2011 hos Wayback Machine
  18. ^ (engelsk) STS-135 MCC Status Report #15 Arkiveret 17. juli 2011 hos Wayback Machine
  19. ^ (engelsk) STS-135 MCC Status Report #16 Arkiveret 17. juli 2011 hos Wayback Machine

Medier brugt på denne side

STS-135 begins takeoff (cropped).jpg
Space shuttle Atlantis is seen as it launches from pad 39A on Friday, July 8, 2011, at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida.
Shuttle Patch.svg
SVG version of PNG Space Shuttle Logo/Patch.
View of STS-135 launch from Shuttle Training Aircraft.jpg
STS-135 is seen through the window of a Shuttle Training Aircraft (STA) as it launches from launch pad 39A at Kennedy Space Center on the STS-135 mission, Friday, July 8, 2011 in Cape Canaveral, Fla.
Atlantis taking off on STS-27.jpg
Space Shuttle Atlantis takes flight on its STS-27 mission on December 2, 1988, 9:30 a.m. EST, utilizing 375,000 pounds thrust produced by its three main engines. The STS-27 was the third classified mission dedicated to the Department of Defense (DoD). After completion of mission, Orbiter Atlantis landed December 6, 1988, 3:36 p.m. PST at Edwards Air Force Base, California.
NASA officials watch the final mission of the Space Shuttle.jpg
NASA Administrator Charles Bolden, right, Associate Administrator for Space Operations William Gerstenmaier, center, Associate Administrator Christopher Scolese, left, and other management look on from Firing Room Four of the Launch Control Center (LCC) as space shuttle Atlantis launches from pad 39A on Friday, July 8, 2011, in Cape Canaveral, Florida.
Venus symbol (heavy pink).svg
Forfatter/Opretter: F l a n k e r, Licens: CC BY 3.0
symbol of Venus. 16 una pertinacia restitit sententiae. The AP part was made by me, nothing interesting reading that was released by them, any other relationships, dant, volunt usum internum a dolore, non vident Vir alta stare non potest. quantum rogant populi miserata vale mater pia. × 16 pixel nominal dimensions, lines 2 pixel thich. Colour: red=223 green=43 blue=106 (#DF2B6A).
STS-135 Atlantis approaches the ISS b.jpg
The space shuttle Atlantis is seen over the Bahamas prior to a perfect docking with the International Space Station at 10:07 a.m. (CDT). Part of a Russian Progress spacecraft which is docked to the station is in the foreground.
STS-135 Sandy Magnus with a cargo transfer bag.jpg
Toting a cargo transfer bag filled with supplies that was carried aboard Raffaello in Atlantis' cargo bay, NASA astronaut Sandy Magnus participates in a very busy move operation on the fourth day in space for the STS-135 crew. She is in Node 2 or Harmony, near the PMA-2 passageway, on the International Space Station. She is sporting the striped socks that she rediscovered on the station which had remained there since her long duration stay on the orbital outpost a few years ago.
STS-135 and Expedition 28 crews after the hatch opening.jpg
This view captures a reunion among six NASA astronauts, three Russian cosmonauts and a Japanese astronaut in the International Space Station's U.S. Node 2 or Harmony following a July 10 docking of the space shuttle Atlantis and the station. Clockwise from lower left corner are NASA astronaut Chris Ferguson, Russian cosmonaut Sergei Volkov, and NASA astronauts Mike Fossum, Sandy Magnus, Doug Hurley and Rex Walheim; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Satoshi Furukawa, Russian cosmonaut Andrey Borisenko and NASA astronaut Ron Garan. Not pictured is Russian cosmonaut Alexander Samokutyaev. Four of the ten space travelers are from STS-135 – the final crew of the Space Shuttle Program – and six are serving long terms on the station.
STS-135 final flyaround of ISS 1.jpg
STS-135 final flyaround of ISS
This picture of the International Space Station was photographed from the space shuttle Atlantis as the orbiting complex and the shuttle performed their relative separation in the early hours of July 19, 2011. Onboard the station were Russian cosmonauts Andrey Borisenko, Expedition 28 commander; Sergei Volkov and Alexander Samokutyaev, both flight engineers; Japan Aerospace Exploration astronaut Satoshi Furukawa, and NASA astronauts Mike Fossum and Ron Garan, all flight engineers. Onboard the shuttle were NASA astronauts Chris Ferguson, STS-135 commander; Doug Hurley, pilot; and Sandy Magnus and Rex Walheim, both mission specialists.
STS-135 Crew Compartment Trainer 2.jpg
Attired in training versions of their shuttle launch and entry suits, the STS-135 crew members take a brief break for a portrait in the Space Vehicle Mock-up Facility at NASA's Johnson Space Center. From the left are NASA astronauts Doug Hurley, pilot; Chris Ferguson, commander; Rex Walheim and Sandy Magnus, both mission specialists. STS-135 is planned to be the final mission of the space shuttle program.
STS-135 EVA Mike Fossum 6.jpg
The Shuttle Era’s Final Spacewalk
Spacewalker Mike Fossum rides on the International Space Station's robotic arm as he carries the Robotic Refueling Mission experiment. This is the final scheduled spacewalk during a shuttle mission.
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A tick ("check" in American English) symbol in a box. Note that the file is redirected by "☑.svg", which is the Unicode character for the symbol in question (U+2611). If your computer displays something like a question mark or an empty box instead, then you have a font problem. But don't worry. You can still copy and paste either ☑.svg or Check mark.svg into an article and it will appear correctly. Don't be deceived by the tiny size of this image. It is fully scalable.
STS-135 patch.png
The STS-135 patch represents the space shuttle Atlantis embarking on its mission to resupply the International Space Station. Atlantis is centered over elements of the NASA emblem depicting how the space shuttle has been at the heart of NASA for the last 30 years. It also pays tribute to the entire NASA and contractor team that made possible all the incredible accomplishments of the space shuttle. Omega, the last letter in the Greek alphabet, recognizes this mission as the last flight of the Space Shuttle Program.
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Forfatter/Opretter: Kwamikagami, Licens: CC BY-SA 4.0
symbol of Mars. 16 × 16 pixel nominal dimensions, lines 2 pixel thick, square caps. Colour 75% blue: red=0 green=0 blue=191 (#0000BF).
STS-135 Rex Walheim on the middeck.jpg
NASA astronaut Rex Walheim, STS-135 mission specialist, is pictured on the middeck of the space shuttle Atlantis during the mission's second day of activities in Earth orbit.
STS-134 patch.png
The design of the STS-134 crew patch highlights research on the International Space Station (ISS) focusing on the fundamental physics of the universe. On this mission, the crew of Space Shuttle Endeavour will install the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) experiment - a cosmic particle detector that utilizes the first ever superconducting magnet to be flown in space. By studying sub-atomic particles in the background cosmic radiation, and searching for anti-matter and dark-matter, it will help scientists better understand the evolution and properties of our universe. The shape of the patch is inspired by the international atomic symbol, and represents the atom with orbiting electrons around the nucleus. The burst near the center refers to the big-bang theory and the origin of the universe. The Space Shuttle Endeavour and ISS fly together into the sunrise over the limb of Earth, representing the dawn of a new age, understanding the nature of the universe.