STS-133

STS-133
Missionsemblem
Missionsstatistik
Missionsnavn:STS-133
Rumagentur:NASA
Rumfærge:Discovery (39)
Antal besætningsmedlemmer:6
Affyringsrampe:LC-39A (KSC)
Opsendelse:24. februar 2011
Landing:9. marts 2011
Landet på:Kennedy Space Center
Varighed:12 døgn og 19 timer
Foto af besætningen

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Denne artikel handler om en mission i rumfærge-programmet. For informationer om programmet se rumfærge-programmet.

STS-133 (Space Transportation System-133) var rumfærgen Discoverys 39. og sidste rummission, den blev opsendt d. 24. februar 2011 kl 4:53 p.m. EST, 22.53 dansk tid[1].

Missionen medbragte forsyninger med Permanent Multipurpose Module (PMM) Leonardo, som blev efterladt på Unitys nadir-luge, samt EXPRESS Logistics Carrier 4 (ELC4) til Den Internationale Rumstation (ISS).

Det var 13. gang at Discovery blev koblet til ISS. Derudover har Discovery været koblet til den tidligere russiske rumstation Mir én gang (STS-91). Det var rumfærgen Discoverys sidste rejse ifølge planerne for afslutningen af det amerikanske rumfærge-program.

Da Discovery koblede sig til ISS, kom totalvægten op på 544,13 ton. Det var første gang at rumfartøjer fra fire rumfartsorganisationer er koblet sammen på én gang. Foruden NASA's Discovery var der ESA's Johannes Kepler, JAXA's Kounotori samt Roskosmos' ene Progress og to Sojuz TMA[2].

Besætning

  • USA Mand Steven Lindsey (kaptajn)
  • USA Mand Eric Boe (pilot)
  • USA Mand Benjamin Drew (1. missionsspecialist)
  • USA Mand Michael Barratt (3. missionsspecialist)
  • USA Mand Stephen Bowen[3] (2. missionsspecialist)
  • USA Kvinde Nicole Stott (4. missionsspecialist)

Timothy Kopra kom til skade ved en cykelulykke, så Stephen Bowen overtog hans plads. Det er første gang at en astronaut er med på to rumfærgeflyvninger i træk.

Missionen

Opsendelsen blev blevet udskudt flere gange, den var oprindelig sat til opsendelse i september måned 2010 første gang.[4]

Opsendelsen af Discovery 24. februar 2011 fra Kennedy Space Center.

Discovery blev opsendt d. 24. februar 2011 kl. 4:53 p.m. EST, men der var postyr til de sidste sekunder før afgang. En af forsvarets centrale computere var tæt på at hindre opsendelsen, med kun få sekunder tilbage af opsendelsesvinduet fik rumfærgen lov til at "lette" [5]. Der var forinden blevet målt høj varme i cockpittet og da døren til rumfærgen blev forseglet, faldt et lille stykke af varmeskjoldet. Forhindringerne blev hurtigt undersøgt og afskrevet, men der var mange, inden for en kort periode før start. Efter opsendelsen faldt der, som der ofte gør, skumstykker på varmeskjoldet, og som sædvanligt skal det undersøges om det udgør en fare. På forkanten af vingen er der detekteret skader der skal undersøges [6].

Rumvandring d. 28. februar 2011.
Rumvandring d. 2. marts 2011.

Discovery blev undersøgt på missionens anden dag[7].

På missionens tredje dag blev Discovery, efter en mindre forsinkelse, koblet til Den Internationale Rumstation [8] [9].

Missionens fjerde dag blev brugt til udpakning, overførsel af fragt, mediekonference og forberedelser til næste dags rumvandring. NASA fandt, på baggrund af missionens anden dags undersøgelser, ikke er behov for yderligere undersøgelse af varmeskjoldet på missionens sjette dag [10] [11].

På missionens femte dag gik Stephen Bowen og Benjamin Drew på missionens første rumvandring, det var også første gang Benjamin Drew var på rumvandring. Rumvandringen varede 6 timer og 34 minutter og forløb nogenlunde som planlagt [12] [13] [14].

Den sjette dag blev det permanente modul opsat og installeret, modulet har tidligere været brugt til transport frem og tilbage mellem jorden og rumstationen. Idet det er rumfærgernes sidste missioner, blev modulet ombygget til at være permanent opbevaringsplads på rumstationen [15].

Syvende dag blev missionens rumvandring nummer to udført igen af Stephen Bowen og Benjamin Drew [16]

Ottende dag var hviledag og besætningen havde en kort telefonkonference med præsident Barak Obamar[17] og senere også andre mediekonferencer.

På niende dag blev PMM udpakket en falsk røgalarm drillede og mediekonferencer [18].

Tiende dag afskedsceremoni lukning af luge mellem rumfærgen og rumstation [19].

Ellevfte dag afkobling og retur mod Jorden og "Late inspection" sidste inspektion af varmeskjoldet[20] [21].

Discovery's tolvte dag i rummet gik med forberedelse til næste dags landing og en enkelt mediekonference [22].


På missionens trettende dag landede Discovery på Kennedy Space Center d. 9. marts klokken 11:58am (EST) lokal tid, 17:58 dansk tid. Det var rumfærgen Discoverys sidste landing, sandsynligvis anbringes Discovery på et museum [23].

Discoverys hjemkomst til Kennedy Space Center 9. marts 2011


Tidsplan
1. dag – Opsendelse fra KSC
2. dag – Undersøgelse af varmeskjold
3. dag – Ankomst og sammenkobling rumfærge/rumstation. Opsætning af ECL 4
4. dag – Overførsel af fragt
5. dag – Første rumvandring: Stephen Bowen og Benjamin Drew
6. dag – PPM påsættes Unity. Hvis der er behov for yderligere undersøgelse af varmeskjoldet udførtes dette
7. dag – Anden rumvandring: Stephen Bowen og Benjamin Drew
8. dag – Overførsel af fragt og delvis hviledag
9. dag – Mediekonferencer, overførsel af fragt, delvis hviledag.
10 dag ekstra dag – Dør mellem rumfærge og station lukkes
11. dag – Frakobling
12. dag – Forberedelse til landing
13. dag – Landing KSC

Nyttelast

Permanent Multipurpose Module (PMM)
En ændret udgave af Multi-Purpose Modulet "Leonardo".
ExPRESS Logistics Carrier (ELC)
ExPRESS Logistics Carrier 4
Robonaut
Astronaut-robot er en menneskelignende robot. Robotten transporteres med PMM modulet til ISS [24].

Hovedartikler:

Hovedartikler: Rumfærge og Rumfærge-programmet.
Wikimedia Commons har medier relateret til:

Eksterne henvisninger

  1. ^ (engelsk) NASA's Shuttle and Rocket Launch Schedule NASA
  2. ^ Historisk øjeblik: Seks forskellige fartøjer koblet til rumstation Arkiveret 7. marts 2011 hos Wayback Machine Hentet d. 28. feb. 2011 (dansk)
  3. ^ (dansk) Astronaut-udskiftning (Webside ikke længere tilgængelig) www.tycho.dk d. 20. januar 2011
  4. ^ Flere revner og nytårsaften udsætter Discoverys sidste tur Arkiveret 18. februar 2011 hos Wayback Machine Ingeniøren (dansk)
  5. ^ Spænding på Discovery: Isolering kan have skadet varmeskjoldet Arkiveret 1. marts 2011 hos Wayback Machine Ingeniøren (dansk)
  6. ^ (engelsk) STS-133: Healthy Discovery undergoing FD2 inspections on RCC panels NASASpaceFlight.com
  7. ^ (engelsk) STS-133 Day 2 Mission Status Briefing youtube
  8. ^ (engelsk) STS-133 MCC Status Report #05 Arkiveret 5. august 2020 hos Wayback Machine NASA
  9. ^ (engelsk) Shuttle Astronauts Get Extra Sleep After Late Work Night in Orbit Space.com
  10. ^ (engelsk) STS-133 DAY 4 Mission Status Briefing youtube
  11. ^ STS-133 MCC Status Report #07 Arkiveret 20. september 2020 hos Wayback Machine NASA (engelsk)
  12. ^ (engelsk) Robotic arm breakdown adds spacewalk drama SpaceDaily
  13. ^ (engelsk) Shuttle Discovery astronauts have made the first of two spacewalks this week to carry out maintenance tasks on the International Space Station (ISS) BBC
  14. ^ (engelsk) Spacewalking Astronauts Capture Space in a Bottle Space.com
  15. ^ (engelsk) Station Gets New Storage Module YouTube
  16. ^ (engelsk) Managers pleased with progress of the mission Spaceflight Now
  17. ^ (engelsk) Presidential call NASA (multimedia)
  18. ^ STS-133 MCC Status Report #19 Arkiveret 10. marts 2016 hos Wayback Machine NASA (engelsk)
  19. ^ STS-133 MCC Status Report #21 Arkiveret 10. marts 2016 hos Wayback Machine NASA (engelsk)
  20. ^ STS-133 MCC Status Report #22 Arkiveret 13. april 2016 hos Wayback Machine NASA (engelsk)
  21. ^ (engelsk) STS-133: Discovery undocks for the final time, Late Inspections complete NASASpaceFlight.com
  22. ^ (engelsk) LIVE: Discovery’s final landing targeting two KSC opportunities NASASpaceFlight.com
  23. ^ Nu kommer Discovery på museum efter 27 års tro tjeneste Arkiveret 30. juni 2012 hos Wayback Machine Ingeniøren (dansk)
  24. ^ (engelsk) Robonaut hentet d. 18. oktober 2010

Medier brugt på denne side

Blue male symbol.svg
Forfatter/Opretter: Kwamikagami, Licens: CC BY-SA 4.0
symbol of Mars. 16 × 16 pixel nominal dimensions, lines 2 pixel thick, square caps. Colour 75% blue: red=0 green=0 blue=191 (#0000BF).
Pink Venus symbol.svg
Forfatter/Opretter: F l a n k e r, Licens: CC BY 3.0
symbol of Venus. 16 una pertinacia restitit sententiae. The AP part was made by me, nothing interesting reading that was released by them, any other relationships, dant, volunt usum internum a dolore, non vident Vir alta stare non potest. quantum rogant populi miserata vale mater pia. × 16 pixel nominal dimensions, lines 2 pixel thich. Colour: red=223 green=43 blue=106 (#DF2B6A).
Shuttle Patch.svg
SVG version of PNG Space Shuttle Logo/Patch.
STS-133 landing at KSC.jpg
Space shuttle Discovery lands at Kennedy Space Center in Florida to complete its 39th and final flight.
STS-133 patch.png
The STS-133 mission patch is based upon sketches from the late artist Robert McCall; they were the final creations of his long and prodigious career. In the foreground, a solitary orbiter ascends into a dark blue sky above a roiling fiery plume. A spray of stars surrounds the orbiter and a top lit crescent forms the background behind the ascent. The mission number, STS-133, is emblazoned on the patch center, and crewmembers' names are listed on a sky-blue border around the scene. The Shuttle Discovery is depicted ascending on a plume of flame as if it is just beginning a mission. However it is just the orbiter, without boosters or an external tank, as it would be at mission's end. This is to signify Discovery's completion of its operational life and the beginning of its new role as a symbol of NASA's and the nation's proud legacy in human spaceflight.
STS-133 lifts off from Launch Complex 39A at Kennedy Space Center, VAB roof view.jpg
CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- Taken from the roof of the Vehicle Assembly Building at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, space shuttle Discovery lifts off Launch Pad 39A atop twin columns of fire, creating rolling clouds of smoke and steam in its track. Launch of the STS-133 mission was at 4:53 p.m. EST on Feb. 24. Discovery and its six-member crew are on a mission to deliver the Permanent Multipurpose Module, packed with supplies and critical spare parts, as well as Robonaut 2, the dexterous humanoid astronaut helper, to the International Space Station. Discovery is making its 39th mission and is scheduled to be retired following STS-133. This is the 133rd Space Shuttle Program mission, the 35th shuttle voyage to the space station and Discovery's final mission.
STS-132 patch.png
The STS-132 mission will be the 32nd flight of the space shuttle Atlantis. The primary STS-132 mission objective is to deliver the Russian-made MRM-1 (Mini Research Module) to the International Space Station (ISS). Atlantis will also deliver a new communications antenna and a new set of batteries for one of the ISS solar arrays. The STS-132 mission patch features Atlantis flying off into the sunset as the end of the Space Shuttle Program approaches. However the sun is also heralding the promise of a new day as it rises for the first time on a new ISS module, the MRM-1, which is also named Rassvet, the Russian word for dawn.
Venus symbol (heavy pink).svg
Forfatter/Opretter: F l a n k e r, Licens: CC BY 3.0
symbol of Venus. 16 una pertinacia restitit sententiae. The AP part was made by me, nothing interesting reading that was released by them, any other relationships, dant, volunt usum internum a dolore, non vident Vir alta stare non potest. quantum rogant populi miserata vale mater pia. × 16 pixel nominal dimensions, lines 2 pixel thich. Colour: red=223 green=43 blue=106 (#DF2B6A).
STS-133 ELC-4 Deck-to-keel mate.jpg
CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- In the Space Station Processing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, technicians perform the Express Logistics Carrier-4, or ELC-4, deck-to-keel mate. The deck is about 14 by 16 feet and spans the width of a space shuttle’s payload bay. It is capable of providing astronauts aboard the International Space Station with a platform and infrastructure to deploy experiments in the vacuum of space without requiring a separate dedicated Earth-orbiting satellite. Space shuttle Discovery and its STS-133 crew will deliver the carrier along with critical spare parts to the station later this year.
STS-133 Official Crew Photo.jpg
Attired in training versions of their shuttle launch and entry suits, these six astronauts take a break from training to pose for the STS-133 crew portrait. Pictured are NASA astronauts Steve Lindsey (center right) and Eric Boe (center left), commander and pilot, respectively; along with astronauts (from the left) Alvin Drew, Nicole Stott, Michael Barratt and Steve Bowen, all mission specialists.
Robonaut 2 working.jpg
NASA and General Motors have come together to develop the next generation dexterous humanoid robot.
Check mark.svg
A tick ("check" in American English) symbol in a box. Note that the file is redirected by "☑.svg", which is the Unicode character for the symbol in question (U+2611). If your computer displays something like a question mark or an empty box instead, then you have a font problem. But don't worry. You can still copy and paste either ☑.svg or Check mark.svg into an article and it will appear correctly. Don't be deceived by the tiny size of this image. It is fully scalable.
STS-133 PMM Leonardo.jpg
CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- In the Space Station Processing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, a technician works on the Permanent Multipurpose Module, or PMM, headed to the International Space Station. The PMM will be used to carry supplies and critical spare parts to the station. The module will be left behind so it can be used for microgravity experiments in fluid physics, materials science, biology and biotechnology. Space shuttle Discovery will deliver its payload to the station on the STS-133 mission. Launch is targeted for Nov. 1 at 4:33 p.m. EDT.
Male symbol (heavy blue).svg
Forfatter/Opretter: Kwamikagami, Licens: CC BY-SA 4.0
symbol of Mars. 16 × 16 pixel nominal dimensions, lines 2 pixel thick, square caps. Colour 75% blue: red=0 green=0 blue=191 (#0000BF).
STS-121-DiscoveryEnhanced.jpg
Rotated and color enhanced version of original (ISS013-E-48788 (6 July 2006) --- The Space Shuttle Discovery approaches the International Space Station for docking but before the link-up occurred, the orbiter "posed" for a thorough series of inspection photos. Leonardo Multipurpose Logistics Module can be seen in the shuttle's cargo bay. Discovery docked at the station's Pressurized Mating Adapter 2 at 9:52 a.m. CDT, July 6, 2006.)
STS-133 EVA2 Steve Bowen 4.jpg
NASA astronaut Steve Bowen, STS-133 mission specialist, participates in the mission's second session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 14-minute spacewalk, Bowen and astronaut Alvin Drew (out of frame), mission specialist, tackled a variety of tasks, including venting into space some remaining ammonia from a failed pump module they moved during the mission's first spacewalk.
STS-133 EVA1 Steve Bowen and Alvin Drew 4.jpg
NASA astronauts Steve Bowen and Alvin Drew, both STS-133 mission specialists, participate in the mission's first session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 34-minute spacewalk, Bowen and Drew installed the J612 power extension cable, move a failed ammonia pump module to the External Stowage Platform 2 on the Quest Airlock for return to Earth at a later date, installed a camera wedge on the right hand truss segment, installed extensions to the mobile transporter rail and exposed the Japanese "Message in a Bottle" experiment to space.
STS-134 patch.png
The design of the STS-134 crew patch highlights research on the International Space Station (ISS) focusing on the fundamental physics of the universe. On this mission, the crew of Space Shuttle Endeavour will install the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) experiment - a cosmic particle detector that utilizes the first ever superconducting magnet to be flown in space. By studying sub-atomic particles in the background cosmic radiation, and searching for anti-matter and dark-matter, it will help scientists better understand the evolution and properties of our universe. The shape of the patch is inspired by the international atomic symbol, and represents the atom with orbiting electrons around the nucleus. The burst near the center refers to the big-bang theory and the origin of the universe. The Space Shuttle Endeavour and ISS fly together into the sunrise over the limb of Earth, representing the dawn of a new age, understanding the nature of the universe.