STS-130
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| Missionsstatistik | |||||
| Missionsnavn: | STS-130 | ||||
| Rumagentur: | NASA | ||||
| Rumfærge: | Endeavour (24) | ||||
| Antal besætningsmedlemmer: | 6 | ||||
| Affyringsrampe: | LC-39A (KSC) | ||||
| Opsendelse: | 8. februar 2010 | ||||
| Landing: | 21. februar 2010 | ||||
| Landet på: | KSC | ||||
| Varighed: | 13 dage og 18 timer | ||||
| Foto af besætningen | |||||
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Denne artikel handler om en mission i rumfærge-programmet. For informationer om programmet se rumfærge-programmet.
STS-130 (Space Transportation System-130) var rumfærgen Endeavours 24. rummission, den blev opsendt d. 8. februar 2010 klokken 10:14 dansk tid (4:14 a.m. EST lokal tid) og kom retur d. 21 februar 2010. Missionen medbragte modulerne Tranquility (Node 3) og Cupola til Den Internationale Rumstation (ISS). Modulerne der blev koblet på ISS er permanente dele.
Tre rumvandringer blev udført for at fuldføre tilkoblingerne.
Besætning
George Zamka (kaptajn)- Terry Virts (pilot) – første flyvning.
- Robert Behnken (1. missionsspecialist)
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Kathryn Hire (2. missionsspecialist) - Nicholas Patrick (3. missionsspecialist)
- Stephen Robinson (4. missionsspecialist)
- Astronauter med CAPCOM funktion
- Astronauter med CAPCOM funktion; Rick Sturckow, Stephen Frick, Danny Olivas, Michael Massimino, Shannon Lucid, Robert Hanley, Hal Getzelman og Kathy Bolt.
Missionen
Første opsendelsesforsøg d. 7. februar 2010 klokken 10:39 dansk tid, blev aflyst på grund af vejret ved Kennedy Space Center.
Endeavour blev opsendt fra Kennedy Space Center i Florida d. 8. februar 2010. Et stykke skumplast, på cirka 30 cm, faldt af 2 minutter efter opsendelse. NASA mener ikke at det har ramt rumfærgen, men undersøgelser på missionens anden dag skal opklare hvorvidt rumfærgen, især varmeskjoldet, har taget skade[1][2][3].
På missionens anden dag blev varmeskjoldet undersøgt for mulige skader, siden Columbia-ulykken er det en obligatorisk del af rumfærgeflyvningerne at undersøge varmeskjoldet. De endelige resultater af undersøgelserne foreligger dage senere.
Rumfærgen ankom til rumstationen på missionens tredje dag, sammenkoblingen fandt sted efter den sædvanlige Rendezvous Pitch Maneuver, under manøvren, der altid foretage af piloten, vendes rumfærgens underside mod rumstationen så rumstationens besætning kan fotografere varmeskjoldet på rumfærgens underside.
På fjerdedagen, dansk tid om natten, blev et af de anlæg der skal omdanne urin til drikkevand installeret. Besætningen overførte fragt mellem rumfærgen og rumstationen, der blev afholdt en mediekonference og besætningen fik også noget hviletid. Forberedelser til næste dags rumvandringer hvor de udvalgte astronauter skal overnatte i luftslusen, der indeholder ren ilt, for at rense blodomløbet for kvælstof og derved undgå dekompressionssyge[4].
Den første rumvandring blev udført på femte dagen af Robert Behnken og Nicholas Patrick der monterede Tranquility på Unity. Noget ammoniak sev ud fra et kølingssystem der skulle monteres, det skabte dog ikke problemer. Rumvandringen varede 6 timer og 32 minutter [5] [6].
På sjette dagen åbning af luger på Cupola og Tranquility. Det var tidligere blevet meddelt at yderligere undersøgelse af varmeskjoldet ikke var nødvendigt på sjettedagen [7].
Anden rumvandring blev udført den syvende dag igen af Robert Behnken og Nicholas Patrick. Diverse tilpasninger af Tranquility blev udført. Rumvandringen varede 5 timer og 54 minutter. Det blev meddelt at missionen forlænges med en dag [8].
Cupola blev flyttet til sin permanente placering på Tranquility af Terry Virts og Kathryn Hire der benyttede rumstationens robotarm til at udføre arbejdet. På missionens ottende dag blev der og flyttet fragt mellem rumfærge og rumstation [9].
Niende dag var en delvis hviledag og forberedelse til næste dags rumvandring [10].
Den sidste rumvandring på mission STS-130 blev udført på tiende dagen af Robert Behnken og Nicholas Patrick der satte kabler mm. på Tranquility. Beskyttelsesovertræk blev fjernet på Cupolas, så der var frit udsyn til Jorden. Rumvandringen varede 5 timer og 48 minutter. På alle tre rumvandringer har der været tekniske kommunikations problemer muligvis pga. en smule fugt i rumdragterne. Problemet opstod også under STS-129-missionen [11] [12] [13].
Tranquility modulet.
Nicholas Patrick på 3. rumvandring.
Udsigt fra Cupola.
Præsident Obama taler med astronauterne.
Den ellevte var lavet om i forhold til den oprindeliglige tidsplan. Men dagen startede med et opkald fra Det Hvide Hus, Præsident Obama og børn fra forskellige stater stillede astronauterne spørgsmål.[14].
På ellevte og tolvte dag blev der desuden flyttet fragt mellem rumfærge og rumstation. På tolvte dag mediekonference og lugen blev lukket mellem Endeavour og ISS efter rumfærgebesætningen var om bord. Forberedelser til næste dags frakobling og afsked med rumstationen.
Trettende dag blev rumfærgen Endeavour frakoblet rumstationen for at vende retur mod Jorden. på vej mod Jorden foretog besætningen de sidste undersøgelse af rumfærgens tilstand. Undervejs fik Endeavour en del mindre buler og ridser, NASA undersøgelser viste at der ikke er fare for katastrofale hændelser og at samme omstændigheder er set på tidligere flyvninger. Rumfærgen fik tilladelse til at lande natten mellem søndag og mandag (dansk tid), medmindre vejret forhindrer det [15].
Missionens fjortenende gik dag forberedelser til landing og der blev afholdt en mediekonference.
Mulige landings tidspunkter og steder d. 21 februar 2010 (15. dag):
- Kennedy Space Center – søndag 10.20 p.m. EST (mandag 4.20 dansk tid)
- Kennedy Space Center – søndag 11:55 p.m. (mandag 5.55 dansk tid)
- Edwards Air Force Base – mandag 1:25 a.m. (tirsdag 7.25 dansk tid)
- Edwards Air Force Base – mandag 3:00 a.m. (tirsdag 9.00 dansk tid)
NASAs meteorologer forventede først ikke at det blev muligt at lande på de ovennævnte tidspunkter [16].
Men Endeavour fik lov til at påbegynde forberedelser til genindtræden i atomsfæren (en: deorbit burn) kl. 3.15 og landede på Kennedy Space Center kl. 4.20 d. 22. februar 2010 (dansk tid).
Tidsplan
Dag 11 blev indsat som ekstra dag under missionen [17] [18].
- 1. dag – Opsendelse fra KSC.
- 2. dag – Undersøgelse af varmeskjold.
- 3. dag – Ankomst og sammenkobling rumfærge/rumstation.
- 4. dag – Udskiftning af vandsystem.
- 5. dag – Første rumvandring: Robert Behnken og Nicholas Patrick monterer Tranquility på Unity.
- 6. dag – Hvis der var behov for yderligere undersøgelse af varmeskjoldet udførtes dette. Åbning af luger på Cupola og Tranquility.
- 7. dag – Anden rumvandring: Robert Behnken og Nicholas Patrick. Tilpasning af Tranquility.
- 8. dag – Vandsystem flyttes til Tranquility. Cupola flyttes.
- 9. dag – Tilpasning af Cupola og hviledag.
- 10. dag – Tredje rumvandring: Robert Behnken og Nicholas Patrick. Tilpasning af Cupola og robot.
- 11. dag – ekstra dag. Flytning at vandsystem mm.
- 12. dag – Mediekonferencer.
- 13. dag – Frakobling.
- 14. dag – Forberedelse til landing.
- 15. dag – Landing KSC.
- 2. dag – Undersøgelse af varmeskjold.
Nyttelast
- Tranquility (Node 3)
- Tranquility-modulet er et trykreguleret modul der indeholder opholdsrum, sovepladser og toilet. Modulet er en konstruktion fra den Den Europæiske Rumorganisation bygget til Den Internationale Rumstation. Det er det sidste beboelige modul der bliver transporteret til ISS[19].
- Cupola
- Cupola-modulet modulet er ligeledes konstrueret af ESA. Modulet skal primært sikre et godt udsyn fra rumstationen til at arbejde med robotstyrede aktiviteter. Cupola-modulet er bygget som en tilbygning ovenpå Tranquility-modulet[20] [21].
Cupola modulet.
Tranquility tidligere kaldet Node 3
Hovedartikler:
Hovedartikler: Rumfærge og Rumfærge-programmet. | Wikimedia Commons har medier relateret til: |
Eksterne henvisninger
- Consolidated Launch Manifest – Space Shuttle Flights and ISS Assembly Sequence Arkiveret 7. marts 2009 hos Wayback Machine NASA (engelsk)
- STS-130 NASA (engelsk)
- Mission Summary Arkiveret 11. januar 2010 hos Wayback Machine NASA (engelsk)
- Press kit Arkiveret 2. februar 2010 hos Wayback Machine NASA (engelsk)
- ^ Dramatik under sidste natopsendelse af Endeavour Arkiveret 11. februar 2010 hos Wayback Machine Ingeniøren, hentet 9. februar 2010
- ^ Endeavour i rummet (Webside ikke længere tilgængelig) Tycho Brahe Planetarium, hentet 9. februar 2010
- ^ (engelsk) Astronauts give Endeavour full post-launch inspection Spaceflight Now, hentet 9. februar 2010
- ^ (engelsk) STATUS REPORT : STS-130-06 Arkiveret 12. februar 2010 hos Wayback Machine NASA, hentet 11. februar 2010
- ^ (engelsk) STATUS REPORT : STS-130-09 Arkiveret 15. februar 2010 hos Wayback Machine NASA, hentet 15. februar 2010
- ^ Ammoniak ramte astronaut under rumvandring Arkiveret 25. februar 2010 hos Wayback Machine Ingeniøren, hentet 18. februar 2010
- ^ (engelsk) STATUS REPORT : STS-130-11 Arkiveret 15. februar 2010 hos Wayback Machine NASA, hentet 15. februar 2010
- ^ (engelsk) STATUS REPORT : STS-130-13 Arkiveret 15. februar 2010 hos Wayback Machine NASA, hentet 15. februar 2010
- ^ (engelsk) STATUS REPORT : STS-130-15 Arkiveret 18. februar 2010 hos Wayback Machine NASA, hentet 17. februar 2010
- ^ (engelsk) STATUS REPORT : STS-130-16 Arkiveret 17. februar 2010 hos Wayback Machine NASA, hentet 17. februar 2010
- ^ (engelsk) Cupola windows unwrapped on mission's last spacewalk spaceflightnow.com, hentet 18. februar 2010
- ^ (engelsk) STS-130: EVA-3 marks Cupola’s grand opening – Comm issues evaluated nasaspaceflight.com, hentet 18. februar 2010
- ^ Ny udkigsplatform til rumstationen endelig på plads Arkiveret 26. februar 2010 hos Wayback Machine Ingeniøren , hentet 20. februar 2010
- ^ (engelsk) STATUS REPORT : STS-130-20 Arkiveret 20. februar 2010 hos Wayback Machine NASA, hentet 18. februar 2010
- ^ (engelsk) STS-130 EOM-1: Endeavour carries out FCS checks; TPS Clearance Overview nasaspaceflight.com, hentet 21. februar 2010
- ^ (engelsk) Astronauts Hope to Land Shuttle Endeavour Tonight space.com, hentet 21. februar 2010
- ^ Time-line STS-130 Arkiveret 11. februar 2010 hos Wayback Machine NASA (engelsk)
- ^ (engelsk) STATUS REPORT : STS-130-12 Arkiveret 15. februar 2010 hos Wayback Machine NASA, hentet 15. februar 2010
- ^ Space Station's Tranquility Arkiveret 11. januar 2010 hos Wayback Machine NASA, hentet 12. januar 2010 (engelsk)
- ^ Windows on the Universe Arkiveret 12. januar 2010 hos Wayback Machine NASA, hentet 12. januar 2010 (engelsk)
- ^ Cupola, the Space Station's Room with a View Arkiveret 11. januar 2010 hos Wayback Machine NASA, hentet 12. januar 2010 (engelsk)
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symbol of Venus. 16 una pertinacia restitit sententiae. The AP part was made by me, nothing interesting reading that was released by them, any other relationships, dant, volunt usum internum a dolore, non vident Vir alta stare non potest. quantum rogant populi miserata vale mater pia. × 16 pixel nominal dimensions, lines 2 pixel thich. Colour: red=223 green=43 blue=106 (#DF2B6A).
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NASA astronaut Nicholas Patrick, STS-130 mission specialist, participates in the mission's third and final session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the five-hour, 48-minute spacewalk, Patrick and astronaut Robert Behnken (out of frame), mission specialist, completed all of their planned tasks, removing insulation blankets and removing launch restraint bolts from each of the Cupola's seven windows.
CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - Space shuttle Endeavour lands in darkness on Runway 15 at the Shuttle Landing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida after 14 days in space, completing the 5.7-million-mile STS-130 mission to the International Space Station on orbit 217. Main gear touchdown was at 10:20:31 p.m. EST followed by nose gear touchdown at 10:20:39 p.m. and wheels stop at 10:22:10 p.m. It was the 23rd night landing in shuttle history and the 17th at Kennedy. Aboard are Commander George Zamka; Pilot Terry Virts; and Mission Specialists Robert Behnken, Nicholas Patrick, Kathryn Hire and Stephen Robinson. During Endeavour's STS-130 mission, astronauts installed the Tranquility node, a module that provides additional room for crew members and many of the station's life support and environmental control systems. Attached to Tranquility is a cupola with seven windows that provide a panoramic view of Earth, celestial objects and visiting spacecraft. The module was built in Turin, Italy, by Thales Alenia Space for the European Space Agency. The orbiting laboratory is approximately 90 percent complete now in terms of mass. STS-130 was the 24th flight for Endeavour, the 32nd shuttle mission devoted to ISS assembly and maintenance, and the 130th shuttle mission to date. For information on the STS-130 mission and crew, visit http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts130.
Attired in training versions of their shuttle launch and entry suits, these six astronauts take a break from training to pose for the STS-130 crew portrait. Seated are astronauts George Zamka (right), commander; and Terry Virts, pilot. From the left (standing) are astronaut Nicholas Patrick, Robert Behnken, Kathryn Hire and Stephen Robinson, all mission specialists.
“And so we just wanted to let you know that the amazing work that's being done on the International Space Station not only by our American astronauts but also our colleagues from Japan and Russia is just a testimony to the human ingenuity; a testimony to extraordinary skill and courage that you guys bring to bear; and is also a testimony to why continued space exploration is so important, and is part of the reason why my commitment to NASA is unwavering,” said President Barack Obama during a call to the crew currently aboard the International Space Station. President Obama was accompanied by White House Science Adviser John Holdren, left and middle school students in the Roosevelt Room of the White House during the call.
Mockup of the Cupola module for the International Space Station. (self-made photograph)
This image is among the first taken through a first of its kind "bay window" on the International Space Station, the seven-windowed Cupola. The image shows the coast of Algeria featuring (in the Cupola's round window) an area between the cities of Dellys and Algiers. The image was recorded with a digital still camera using a 28mm lens setting. The Cupola, which a week and half ago was brought up to the orbital outpost by the STS-130 crew on the space shuttle Endeavour, will house controls for the station robotics and will be a location where crew members can operate the robotic arms and monitor other exterior activities.
NASA astronaut Kathryn Hire, STS-130 mission specialist, works with hardware in the newly-installed Tranquility node of the International Space Station while space shuttle Endeavour remains docked with the station. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Soichi Noguchi, Expedition 22 flight engineer, is at left.
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CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - Space shuttle Endeavour races to orbit from Launch Pad 39A at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Launch of the STS-130 mission to the International Space Station was at 4:14 a.m. EST. This was the second launch attempt for space shuttle Endeavour's STS-130 crew and the final scheduled space shuttle night launch. The first attempt on Feb. 7 was scrubbed due to unfavorable weather. The primary payload for the STS-130 mission to the International Space Station is the Tranquility node, a pressurized module that will provide additional room for crew members and many of the station's life support and environmental control systems. Attached to one end of Tranquility is a cupola, a unique work area with six windows on its sides and one on top. The cupola resembles a circular bay window and will provide a vastly improved view of the station's exterior. The multi-directional view will allow the crew to monitor spacewalks and docking operations, as well as provide a spectacular view of Earth and other celestial objects. The module was built in Turin, Italy, by Thales Alenia Space for the European Space Agency. For information on the STS-130 mission and crew, visit http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts130/index.html.
For STS-129 the sun shines brightly on the International Space Station (ISS) above and the United States below representing the bright future of U.S. human spaceflight. The contiguous U.S., Rocky Mountains, and Great Desert Southwest are clearly visible on the earth below encompassing all the NASA centers and the homes of the many dedicated people that work to make our Space Program possible. The integrated shapes of the patch signifying the two Express Logistics Carriers that will be delivered by STS-129 providing valuable equipment ensuring the longevity of the ISS. The Space Shuttle is vividly silhouetted by the sun highlighting how brightly the Orbiters have performed as a workhorse for the U.S. Space Program over the past 3 decades. The Space Shuttle ascends on the Astronaut symbol portrayed by the Red, White and Blue swoosh bounded by the gold halo. This symbol is worn with pride by this U.S. crew representing their country on STS-129. The names of the crew members are denoted on the outer band of the patch. As STS-129 launches, the Space Shuttle is in its twilight years. This fact is juxtaposed by the 13 stars on the patch which are symbolic of our children who are the future. The Moon and Mars feature predominantly to represent just how close humankind is to reaching further exploration of those heavenly bodies and how the current Space Shuttle and ISS missions are laying the essential ground work for those future endeavors.
Artist's conception of Cupola mounted on the International Space Station.
The STS-131/19A crew patch highlights the Space Shuttle in the Rendezvous Pitch Maneuver (RPM). This maneuver is heavily photographed by the International Space Station (ISS) astronauts, and the photos are analyzed back on earth to clear the Space Shuttle's thermal protection system for re-entry. The RPM illustrates the teamwork and safety process behind each Space Shuttle launch. In the Space Shuttle's cargo bay is the Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM), Leonardo, which is carrying several science racks, the last of the four crew quarters, and supplies for the ISS. Out of view and directly behind the MPLM, is the Ammonia Tank Assembly (ATA) that will be used to replace the current ATA. This will take place during three Extra Vehicular Activities (EVAs). The 51.6° Space Shuttle orbit is illustrated by the three gold bars of the astronaut symbol, and its elliptical wreath contains the orbit of the ISS. The star atop the astronaut symbol is the dawning sun, which is spreading its early light across the Earth. The background star field contains seven stars, one for each crewmember; they are proud to represent the United States and Japan during this mission.
The Space Shuttle Endeavour shortly before docking with the International Space Station on NASA mission STS-111.
The Space Shuttle Endeavour approaches the International Space Station (ISS) in this digital still camera's view, recorded on June 7, 2002. The Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM), known as Leonardo, can be seen in Endeavour's payload bay. Two Russian cosmonauts and an American astronaut, currently onboard the shuttle, will replace two American astronauts and a Russian cosmonaut now on the station.
This view of the underside of the crew cabin of the space shuttle Endeavour was provided by an Expedition 22 crew member during a survey of the approaching STS-130 crew to the International Space Station. As part of the survey and part of every mission's activities, Endeavour performed a back-flip for the rendezvous pitch maneuver (RPM). The image was photographed with a digital still camera, using a 400mm lens at a distance of about 600 feet (180 meters).
The official patch for STS-130. The shape of the patch represents the Cupola, which is the windowed robotics viewing station, from which astronauts will have the opportunity not only to monitor a variety of ISS operations, but also to study our home planet. The image of Earth depicted in the patch is the first photograph of the Earth taken from the moon by Lunar Orbiter I on August 23, 1966. As both a past and a future destination for explorers from the planet Earth, the moon is thus represented symbolically in the STS-130 patch. The Space Shuttle Endeavour is pictured approaching the ISS, symbolizing the Space Shuttle's role as the prime construction vehicle for the ISS.
Tranquility, the third and final node module of the International Space Station, in the airlock of Alenia Aeronautica's clean room facility in Italy.
NASA astronaut Robert Behnken, STS-130 mission specialist, participates in the mission's first session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the 6-hour, 32-minute spacewalk, Behnken and astronaut Nicholas Patrick (out of frame), mission specialist, relocated a temporary platform from the Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator, or Dextre, to the station's truss structure and installed two handles on the robot. Once Tranquility was structurally mated to Unity, the spacewalkers connected heater and data cables that will integrate the new module with the rest of the station's systems. They also pre-positioned insulation blankets and ammonia hoses that will be used to connect Tranquility to the station's cooling radiators during the mission's second spacewalk.