STS-128
| Missionsemblem | |||||
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| Missionsstatistik | |||||
| Missionsnavn: | STS-128 | ||||
| Rumagentur: | NASA | ||||
| Rumfærge: | Discovery (37) | ||||
| Antal besætningsmedlemmer: | 7 | ||||
| Affyringsrampe: | LC-39A (KSC) | ||||
| Opsendelse: | 28. august 2009 11:59 pm EDT | ||||
| Landing: | 11. september kl. 8:53 pm EDT | ||||
| Landet på: | Edwards AFB | ||||
| Varighed: | 13 dage, 20 timer og 54 minutter | ||||
| Antal kredsløb: | 219 | ||||
| Foto af besætningen | |||||
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Denne artikel handler om en mission i rumfærge-programmet. For informationer om programmet se rumfærge-programmet.
STS-128 (Space Transportation System-128) er rumfærgen Discoverys 37. rummission og blev opsendt 28. august 2009 11:59 PM EDT, 29. august klokken 5:59 dansk sommertid.[1]
Missionen medbragte forsyninger til Den Internationale Rumstation (ISS) i Leonardo-containeren og udskiftede et besætningsmedlem. Leonardo fylder halvdelen af Discoverys lastrum og er et Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM). Leonardo blev koblet til ISS, så den kunne tømmes uden at bruge rumdragt.
Discoverys lastrum indeholdt desuden instrumenter med eksperimenter til forskning i vægtløst miljø på rumstationen.
Tre rumvandringer blev udført for at fuldføre opgaverne. Det var den 30. gang at en rumfærge koblede sig til ISS.
Besætning
Frederick Sturckow (kaptajn)- Kevin Ford (pilot)
- Patrick Forrester (1. missionsspecialist)
- Jose Moreno Hernández (2. missionsspecialist) – første flyvning.
Christer Fuglesang (3. missionsspecialist) (ESA)- John Olivas (4. missionsspecialist)
Opsendes:
-
Nicole Stott – ISS Ekspedition 20C
Hjemflyvning:
- Timothy Kopra – ISS Ekspedition 20B
Missionen
Første opsendelsesforsøg d. 25. august blev aflyst pga. vejret.[2]
Andet opsendelsesforsøg d. 26. august blev aflyst pga. et teknisk problem med en ventil på den eksterne brinttank.[3] [4]
Opsendelsen
Discovery blev opsendt 28. august 2009 11:59 PM EDT, 29. august klokken 5:59 dansk sommertid.[5]
På missionens anden dag blev rumfærgens varmeskjold undersøgt for skader og på tredjedagen blev rumfærge sammenkoblet med rumstationen.[6]
Leonardo blev flyttet fra Discovery til rumstationen på missionens fjerde dag
Første opsendelsesforsøg blev aflyst pga. vejret
Discovery opsendes
Discovery i rummet
Første rumvandring
På missionens 5. dag, natten mellem den 1. og 2. september, blev turens første rumvandring udført af John Olivas og Nicole Stott. De frakoblede en 800 kg stor ammoniaktank fra P6 og nedtog nogle europæiske eksperimenter, der har været udsat for stråling og vakuum[7]. Under rumvandringen blev stoffet i Olivas handske er lidt trævlet ved pegefingeren, men han fik lov at forsatte da kontrollen mente det var et mindre problem. Kommunikationen blev afbrudt i cirka en halv time pga. stormvejr ved White Sands Missile Range hvor jordstationen til Tracking and Data Relay Satellite er lokaliseret.
John Olivas opdagede at ydersiden af rumstationen var mærket af sammenstød med rumaffald[8]. Rumvandringen varede 6 timer og 35 minutter.
Løbebåndet C.O.L.B.E.R.T. og luftrensnings-systemet Air Revitalization System (ARS) blev overført fra rumfærgen til ISS. ARS skal senere flyttes til Tranquility-modulet.
Eksperimenter på plads
På 6. dagen blev der overført last fra Leonardo til ISS. Fluids Integration Rack (FIR) og Minus Eighty Degree Laboratory Freezer (MELFI) er beholdere med eksperimenter til forskning på på rumstationen.
Der var meldinger om at noget rumaffald havde kurs mod rumstationen og NASA havde overvejelser at lave en undvigelsesmanøvre for at undgå et eventuelt sammenstød.
Anden rumvandring
På missionens 7. dag, natten mellem den 3. og 4. september, blev turens anden rumvandring udført af John Olivas og Christer Fuglesang. De monterede en ny ammoniaktank[7] og udførte ekstra opgaver da de have tid i overskud til at udføre opgaverne. Rumvandringen varede 6 timer og 39 minutter.
Hviledag
På missionens 8. dag fik besætningen en delvis hviledag og fortsatte med overførsel af fragt mellem rumfærge og rumstation. Dagen startede med noget hviletid og derefter blev der afholdt en pressekonference sammen med ISS Ekspedition 20. Fuglesang fortalte om sin første rumvandring på denne mission at den havde været spændende og at det havde været overraskende nemt at håndtere den store tunge tank. Fuglesang blev spurgt af den svenske presse hvordan han havde det med at skulle udføre sin sidste rumvandring dagen efter. Han svarede at det både føltes rart men også lidt vemodigt, det ville nok blive lidt trist at lukke lugen til luftslusen for sidste gang. Men han understregede at han var taknemmelig for at være udvalgt til at udføre to rumvandringer. Muligheden for at deltage i yderligere missioner er for hans vedkommende ikke stor, men han mente at det nok var tid for andre at tage over, selvom han stadig havde lyst.[9]
Resten af dagen fortsatte besætningen med at flytte fragt og lavede forberedelser til missionens sidste rumvandring.
Tredje rumvandring
På missionens 9. dag, natten mellem den 5. og 6. september, blev turens tredje rumvandring udført af John Olivas og Christer Fuglesang. De opsatte PAS-platformen (Payload Attachment System) til fremtidige småeksperimenter, udskiftede et nedslidt gyroskop og omlagde 18 m kabler fordi Tranquility skal monteres på Unitys bagbords luge, i stedet for nadirlugen [7]. En bolt blev sat i for at forhindre MPLM'en i at sætte sig fast og for at sikre at det kommende HTV[10] fartøj kan kobles til. Rumvandringen varede 7 timer og 1 minut.[11]
Overførsel af fragt
På missionens 10. dag fik besætningen igen en delvis hviledag og fortsatte med overførsel af fragt mellem rumfærge og rumstation.
På missionens 11. dag blev Leonardo flyttet retur til rumfærgen.
Frakobling og landings forberedelser
- 12. dag – Frakobling + undersøgelse af varmeskjold
- 13. dag – Forberedelse til landing
Landing
De første landingsforsøg blev planlagt til at være på Kennedy Space Center kl. 7:05 eller 8:42 d. 10. september PM EDT, dansk tid kl. 24:05 eller 01:42 d. 11. september. De blev aflyst pga. vejret i Florida.[12]
Den 12. september klokken 1:47 dansk sommertid, på missionens 219. kredsløb, blev Discoverys OMS-raketter tændt i tre minutter for at afbryde kredsløbet. Landingen foregik kl. 02:53 dansk sommertid på landingsbane 22 på Edwards Air Force Base i Californien. Det var den 54. gang at en rumfærge fra rummet landede på Edwards. NASA prøver ellers at undgå landinger på Edwards, da rumfærgen så skal hjemflyves på ryggen af en jumbojet. Fordi Discovery er lastet med Leonardo, skal der foretages fire optankninger undervejs.[13]
Nyttelast
- Leonardo
- Leonardo er et Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM) der benyttes til transport af store mængder forsyninger til og fra ISS.
Instrumenter med eksperimenter til forskning i vægtløst miljø på rumstationen medbringes:
- Materials Science Research Rack (MSRR-1)
- MSRR er en beholder til forskning i forskellige stoffer fx; metaller, krystaller, halvledere legeringer, polymer osv.
- Fluids Integration Rack (FIR)
- FIR er en beholder til forskning af flydende stoffer og deres tilstands-skift under nedkøling og kogning fx; kolloider, gel osv.
- Minus Eighty Degree Laboratory Freezer (MELFI)
- MELFI er en fryser til langtids opbevaring af forsøg på rumstationen, da visse forsøg først kan analyseres på Jorden bliver de frosset ned. Fryseren kan nå temperaturer ned til -80 °C[14].
Andre hardwareelementer:
- Air Revitalization System (ARS), Carbon Dioxide Removal Assembly (CDRA)
- ARS er et luftrensningssystem til fjernelse af CO2 på rumstationen.
- Lightweight Multi-Purpose Carrier (LMC) med Ammonia Tank Assembly (ATA)
- Ammoniaktank til udskiftning, den skal installeres på missionens 2. rumvandring.
- C.O.L.B.E.R.T. (T2)
- Combined Operational Load Bearing External Resistance Treadmill, et løbebånd til astronauternes træning (opkaldt efter den amerikanske komiker Stephen Colbert) [15].
Hovedartikler:
Hovedartikler: Rumfærge og Rumfærge-programmet. | Wikimedia Commons har medier relateret til: |
Eksterne henvisninger
- Space Shuttle Flights and ISS Assembly Sequence Arkiveret 7. marts 2009 hos Wayback Machine NASA (engelsk)
- STS-128 NASA (engelsk)
- Mission Summary Arkiveret 17. februar 2017 hos Wayback Machine NASA (engelsk)
- Press Kit NASA (engelsk)
- ^ As Valve Analysis Moves On, Launch Team Resets (engelsk) hentet d. 27. august 2009
- ^ Weather scrubs shuttle Discovery's late-night launch (engelsk) hentet d. 25. august 2009
- ^ Another scrub for space shuttle Discovery's launch (engelsk) hentet d. 26. august 2009
- ^ Discovery må vente Arkiveret 22. februar 2021 hos Wayback Machine hentet d. 26. august 2009
- ^ Rumfærgen Discovery sendt af sted hentet d. 29. august 2009
- ^ Nyt løbebånd ankommet til rumstationen Arkiveret 1. september 2009 hos Wayback Machine hentet d. 31. august 2009
- ^ a b c Rymdpromenaderna (svensk) (2009-08-11)
- ^ Forbløffet astronaut: Har I set alle de huller i rumstationen? Arkiveret 6. september 2009 hos Wayback Machine hentet d. 7. september 2009
- ^ Tyngdlös Fuglesang mötte pressen (Webside ikke længere tilgængelig) Tidningarnas Telegrambyrå (TT) (svensk)
- ^ H-II Transfer Vehicle JAXA (engelsk)
- ^ Spacewalk No. 3 ends Spaceflightnoe.com (engelsk)
- ^ Mission Status Center Spaceflightnoe.com (engelsk)
- ^ 0200 GMT (10:00 p.m. EDT Friday: "Discovery's ferryflight back to Kennedy Space Center from Edwards Air Force Base atop a 747 carrier jet will occur in about a week. Given the heavy weight of the orbiter with the Leonardo module in its payload bay, four refueling stops and at least one overnight stop is planned, Mike Moses says. hentet d. 12. september 2009
- ^ Minus Eighty-Degree Laboratory Freezer for ISS (MELFI) Arkiveret 1. november 2008 hos Wayback Machine (engelsk) hentet d. 25. august 2009
- ^ Do Tread on Me Arkiveret 21. august 2009 hos Wayback Machine NASA (engelsk)
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Forfatter/Opretter: Kwamikagami, Licens: CC BY-SA 4.0
symbol of Mars. 16 × 16 pixel nominal dimensions, lines 2 pixel thick, square caps. Colour 75% blue: red=0 green=0 blue=191 (#0000BF).
Forfatter/Opretter: Kwamikagami, Licens: CC BY-SA 4.0
symbol of Mars. 16 × 16 pixel nominal dimensions, lines 2 pixel thick, square caps. Colour 75% blue: red=0 green=0 blue=191 (#0000BF).
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Forfatter/Opretter: F l a n k e r, Licens: CC BY 3.0
symbol of Venus. 16 una pertinacia restitit sententiae. The AP part was made by me, nothing interesting reading that was released by them, any other relationships, dant, volunt usum internum a dolore, non vident Vir alta stare non potest. quantum rogant populi miserata vale mater pia. × 16 pixel nominal dimensions, lines 2 pixel thich. Colour: red=223 green=43 blue=106 (#DF2B6A).
Forfatter/Opretter: F l a n k e r, Licens: CC BY 3.0
symbol of Venus. 16 una pertinacia restitit sententiae. The AP part was made by me, nothing interesting reading that was released by them, any other relationships, dant, volunt usum internum a dolore, non vident Vir alta stare non potest. quantum rogant populi miserata vale mater pia. × 16 pixel nominal dimensions, lines 2 pixel thich. Colour: red=223 green=43 blue=106 (#DF2B6A).
Rotated and color enhanced version of original (ISS013-E-48788 (6 July 2006) --- The Space Shuttle Discovery approaches the International Space Station for docking but before the link-up occurred, the orbiter "posed" for a thorough series of inspection photos. Leonardo Multipurpose Logistics Module can be seen in the shuttle's cargo bay. Discovery docked at the station's Pressurized Mating Adapter 2 at 9:52 a.m. CDT, July 6, 2006.)
SVG version of PNG Space Shuttle Logo/Patch.
European Space Agency astronaut Christer Fuglesang, STS-128 mission specialist, participates in the mission's third and final session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the seven-hour, one-minute spacewalk, Fuglesang and NASA astronaut John "Danny" Olivas (out of frame), mission specialist, deployed the Payload Attachment System (PAS), replaced the Rate Gyro Assembly #2, installed two GPS antennae and did some work to prepare for the installation of Node 3 next year. During connection of one of two sets of avionics cables for Node 3, one of the connectors could not be mated. This cable and connector were wrapped in a protective sleeve and safed. All other cables were mated successfully.
CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – Billows of smoke and steam rise above Launch Pad 39A at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida alongside space shuttle Discovery as it races toward space on the STS-128 mission. Liftoff from Launch Pad 39A was on time at 11:59 p.m. EDT. The first launch attempt on Aug. 24 was postponed due to unfavorable weather conditions. The second attempt on Aug. 25 also was postponed due to an issue with a valve in space shuttle Discovery's main propulsion system. The STS-128 mission is the 30th International Space Station assembly flight and the 128th space shuttle flight. The 13-day mission will deliver more than 7 tons of supplies, science racks and equipment, as well as additional environmental hardware to sustain six crew members on the International Space Station. The equipment includes a freezer to store research samples, a new sleeping compartment and the COLBERT treadmill.
CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – At NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, space shuttle Discovery trails a column of smoke as it punches a hole through the fabric of clouds racing through the night sky on the STS-128 mission. Liftoff from Launch Pad 39A was on time at 11:59 p.m. EDT. The first launch attempt on Aug. 24 was postponed due to unfavorable weather conditions. The second attempt on Aug. 25 also was postponed due to an issue with a valve in space shuttle Discovery's main propulsion system. The STS-128 mission is the 30th International Space Station assembly flight and the 128th space shuttle flight. The 13-day mission will deliver more than 7 tons of supplies, science racks and equipment, as well as additional environmental hardware to sustain six crew members on the International Space Station. The equipment includes a freezer to store research samples, a new sleeping compartment and the COLBERT treadmill.
Expedition 20 flight engineer Nicole Stott participates in the STS-128 mission's first space-walk as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 35-minute space-walk, Stott and astronaut Danny Olivas (out of frame) removed an empty ammonia tank from the station's truss and temporarily stowed it on the station's robotic arm. Olivas and Stott also retrieved the European Technology Exposure Facility and Materials International Space Station Experiment from the Columbus laboratory module and installed them on Discovery's payload bay for return.
Attired in training versions of their shuttle launch and entry suits, these seven astronauts take a break from training to pose for the STS-128 crew portrait. Seated are NASA astronauts Rick Sturckow (right), commander; and Kevin Ford, pilot. From the left (standing) are astronauts Jose Hernandez, John "Danny" Olivas, Nicole Stott, European Space Agency's Christer Fuglesang and Patrick Forrester, all mission specialists. Stott is scheduled to join Expedition 20 as flight engineer after launching to the International Space Station on STS-128.
NASA astronaut John "Danny" Olivas, STS-128 mission specialist, participates in the mission's third and final session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the seven-hour, one-minute spacewalk, Olivas and European Space Agency astronaut Christer Fuglesang (out of frame), mission specialist, deployed the Payload Attachment System (PAS), replaced the Rate Gyro Assembly #2, installed two GPS antennae and did some work to prepare for the installation of Node 3 next year. During connection of one of two sets of avionics cables for Node 3, one of the connectors could not be mated. This cable and connector were wrapped in a protective sleeve and safed. All other cables were mated successfully.
Space Shuttle mission STS-127 is the 32nd construction flight of the International Space Station (ISS) and the final of a series of three flights dedicated to the assembly of the Japanese "Kibo" laboratory complex. In addition to delivering, installing, and servicing an external scientific platform that will be attached to the end of the Japanese module, STS-127 will bring up a new ISS crew member and return another one to Earth, replace vital components of the ISS electrical production system, and transfer various pieces of hardware to ISS. Five spacewalks and the operation of four different robotic arms will be required to accomplish these tasks over 10 days. A crew spokesperson had the following words for the patch. "Bathed in sunlight, the blue Earth is represented without boundaries to remind us that we all share this world. In the center, the golden flight path of the space shuttle turns into the three distinctive rays of the astronaut symbol culminating in the star-like emblem characteristic of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, yet soaring further into space as it paves the way for future voyages and discoveries for all humankind."
Leonardo at the Ready This is one of a series of 800mm survey digital still photographs of the Space Shuttle Discovery as it performed a full 360-degree backflip. The series of photos were made by the Expedition 20 crew onboard the International Space Station as the two spacecraft drew near to each other on STS-128's third flight day. This view shows almost the entire top portion of Discovery, including the Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (Leonardo) in the cargo bay. (This text from NASA web site)
The STS-128 patch symbolizes the 17A mission and represents the hardware, people and partner nations that contribute to the flight. The Space Shuttle Discovery is shown in the orbit configuration with the Multi Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM) Leonardo in the payload bay. Earth and the International Space Station wrap around the Astronaut Office symbol reminding us of the continuous human presence in space. The names of the STS-128 crew members border the patch in an unfurled manner. Included in the names is the expedition crew member who will launch on STS-128 and remain on board ISS, replacing another Expedition crew member who will return home with STS-128. The banner also completes the Astronaut Office symbol and contains the U.S. and Swedish flags representing the countries of the STS-128 crew.
For STS-129 the sun shines brightly on the International Space Station (ISS) above and the United States below representing the bright future of U.S. human spaceflight. The contiguous U.S., Rocky Mountains, and Great Desert Southwest are clearly visible on the earth below encompassing all the NASA centers and the homes of the many dedicated people that work to make our Space Program possible. The integrated shapes of the patch signifying the two Express Logistics Carriers that will be delivered by STS-129 providing valuable equipment ensuring the longevity of the ISS. The Space Shuttle is vividly silhouetted by the sun highlighting how brightly the Orbiters have performed as a workhorse for the U.S. Space Program over the past 3 decades. The Space Shuttle ascends on the Astronaut symbol portrayed by the Red, White and Blue swoosh bounded by the gold halo. This symbol is worn with pride by this U.S. crew representing their country on STS-129. The names of the crew members are denoted on the outer band of the patch. As STS-129 launches, the Space Shuttle is in its twilight years. This fact is juxtaposed by the 13 stars on the patch which are symbolic of our children who are the future. The Moon and Mars feature predominantly to represent just how close humankind is to reaching further exploration of those heavenly bodies and how the current Space Shuttle and ISS missions are laying the essential ground work for those future endeavors.
Xenon lights over Launch Pad 39A at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida compete with the lightning strike seen to the left.
Anchored to a Canadarm2 mobile foot restraint, European Space Agency astronaut Christer Fuglesang, STS-128 mission specialist, participates in the mission's second session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 39-minute spacewalk, Fuglesang and NASA astronaut John "Danny" Olivas (out of frame), mission specialist, installed the new Ammonia Tank Assembly on the Port 1 Truss and stowed the empty tank assembly into the Space Shuttle Discovery's cargo bay.