Naturlig klippebue

En naturlig bue, naturlig klippebue eller blot klippebue er landskabsform, hvor en bue er blevet skabt med en åbning nedenunder. Naturlige klippebuer skabes normalt hvor klipper bliver udsat fra erosion fra havet, floder eller forvitring.

De fleste naturlige klippebuer dannes af smalle finner af klippe eller stakke der består af sandsten eller kalksten med stejle, ofte vertikale, klippesider. Formationerne bliver smallere som følge af erosion over en geologisk tidsskala. Den blødere klippestratum eroderer væk og skaber klippefremspring eller alkover på hver side af formationen under et relativt hårdere stratum. Alkoverne eroderer yderligere fra hver side indtil de mødes og skaber buen. Erosionsprocessen udnytter svagheder i den blødere klippe og skaber sprækker og fjerner materiale hurtigere end den hårdere klippe ovenover; klippebuen over fortsætter dog med at erodere og vil til sidst kollapse.

Den største naturlige klippebue er Xianrenbroen i Kina, der har et spænd på 122 ± 5 meter.^[1]

Notable naturlige buer

Afrika

Naturlige klippebuer i La Cathedrale-formationen i Tadrart Rouge, Algeriet

Aloba Arch, Tchad
Boatswain Bird Island, Ascension Island
Bogenfels, Namibia
Goedehoop natural rock bridge, Sydafrika
Hole-in-the-Wall, Øst-Kapprovinsen, Sydafrika
Tassili n'Ajjer og Tadrart Rouge, to bjergkæder med mange buer, Algeriet
Tukuyu naturlig bro, Tanzania
Wolfberg Arch, Cederberg, Vest-Kapprovinsen, Sydafrika

Antarktis

Kerguelen Arch, Christmas Harbour, på Kerguelen Islands (kollapsede omkring 1910)^[2]
Scott Island i ved Antarktis har en naturlig bue

Asien

Arch Cave, Galilee, Israel
Burdah Bridge, Wadi Rum, Jordan
Baatara gorge waterfall i Tannourine, Libanon har tre naturlige buer
Engetsu Island, Shirahama, Wakayama, Japan
Hawrah Natural Bridge, Neill Island, Andaman Islands, Indien
Hazarchishma Natural Bridge, Bamyan Province, Afghanistan
Jabal Umm Fruth Bridge, Jordan
Jebel Kharaz, Wadi Rum, Jordan
"Jisr al-Hajar" eller "Stone Bridge" i Mzaar Kfardebian, Libanon
Elephant Trunk Hill, Guilin, Guangxi province, China
Moon Hill, Guangxi-provinsen, Kina
Natural Arch, Tirumala hills, Tirumala, Indien
The Pigeons' Rock kendt som Raouché i Beirut, Libanon
Punarjani Guha, naturlig tunnel i Thrissur distriktet i Kerala, Indien
Rock Bridge of Gulanchwadi, Narayangaon, Maharashtra, Indien^[3]
Shipton's Arch, Xinjiang, Kina
Steller's Arch på Bering Ø, Rusland
Tianmen Mountain, Zhangjiajie, Kina
Xianren Bridge, Kina
The Great White Hole of Krabi, Krabi, Thailand^[4]
Mountain Angel Eye, Cao Bằng, Vietnam^[5]

Europa

Albandeira Arch, Lagoa, Algarve, Portugal
Arco Naturale, Capri, Italien
Azure Window, Gozo, Malta^[6] (kollapset i 2017)
Blå vindue eller Sælhulen i den Korinthiske Bugt, ud for Alkyoniderne, Grækenland
Bow Fiddle Rock, Portknockie, Skotland
Chaos de Montpellier-le-Vieux, Frankrig
Drangarnir, Færøerne
Durdle Door, Dorset, England
Dyrhólaey, Island
Els Arcs, Castell de Castells, Spanien
Es Pontàs, Spanien
Étretat, Frankrig
Forunderlige broer, Bulgarien
Geropotamos-brøn, Kreta, Grækenland
Għar Qawqla, Gozo, Malta (kollapset i 1900-tallet)
Green Bridge of Wales, Pembrokeshire, Wales
Hajdučka vrata, Čvrsnica, Bosnien og Herzegovina
Inland Sea, Gozo, Malta^[6]
KKuhstall, Tyskland
Lalaria beach arch, Skiathos Island, Grækenland
Malá Pravčická brána, Czech Republic
Marinha Beach, Caramujeira, Lagoa, Algarve, Portugal
Marsden Rock, South Shields, England (kollapset i 1996)
Monte Forato, Tuscany, Italien
Ófærufoss, Island (kollapset i vinteren 1992/1993)
Pistyll Rhaeadr, Wales
Ponoarele, Rumænien (Podul lui Dumnezeu, eller Guds Bro)
Pont d'Arc, Frankrig
Pravčická brána, Tjekkiet
Trypitòs-buen på Paxi, Grækenland
Wied il-Mielaħ Window, Gozo, Malta^[6]

Nordamerika

Canada

Percé Rock, Quebec

Caribbean

Natural Bridge, Aruba (kollapset i 2005)

Mexico

El Arco de Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Sur

USA

Skabelon:Uddbyende

Anacapa Island, Channel Islands National Park, Californien
Angel Arch, Utah
Arch Creek, Florida
Arch Rock, Michigan
Ayres Natural Bridge Park, Wyoming
Bell Smith Springs, Illinois
Blackwater Natural Bridge, Wyoming
Bryce Canyon National Park, Utah
Corona Arch, Utah
Creelsboro Natural Bridge, Kentucky
Delicate Arch, Utah
Druid Arch, Utah
Eye of the Needle, Montana
Goat Rock Beach, Californien
Grosvenor Arch, Utah
Holei Sea Arch, Hawaii Volcanoes nationalpark, Hawaii
Honopū Arch, Hawaii
Koger Arch, Kentucky^[8]
Kolob Arch, Zion National Park, Utah
Landscape Arch, Utah
Mesa Arch, Utah
Natural Arch, Kentucky^[9]^[10]
Natural Bridge, Virginia
Natural Bridge Caverns, Texas
Natural Bridge of Arkansas^[11]
Natural Bridge Park, Alabama
Natural Bridge State Park, Kentucky
Natural Bridge State Park, Massachusetts
Natural Bridge State Park, Wisconsin
Natural Bridges National Monument, Utah
Natural Bridges State Beach, Californien
Rainbow Bridge National Monument, Utah
Rattlesnake Canyon, Colorado
Rialto Beach, Olympic National Park, Washington
Rock Bridge Memorial State Park, Missouri
Rockbridge State Nature Preserve, Ohio
Sewanee Natural Bridge, Tennessee
Sipapu Bridge, Utah
An arch at Tettegouche State Park, Minnesota, kollapset i 2010.^[12]
Three Arch Rocks National Wildlife Refuge, Oregon
Tonto Natural Bridge, Arizona
Twin Arches, Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area, Tennessee^[13]
Window Rock, Arizona
Wrather Arch, Arizona
Yahoo Arch, Kentucky

Oceanien

Australien

London Arch, Port Campbell National Park, Victoria, Australien (en af de to buer kollapsede i 1990)
Natural Bridge, Springbrook National Park, Queensland, Australien
Nature's Window, Kalbarri National Park. Western Australia, Australien

New Zealand

Mangapohue Natural Bridge, New Zealand
Oparara Basin Arches, New Zealand
"The Hole in the Rock", Piercy Island, Cape Brett, New Zealand
Tunnel Beach arch, Dunedin, New Zealand

Sydamerika

Arch Islands, Falklandsøerne
Darwin's Arch, Galápagos Islands, Ecuador (kollapset i 2021)
Icononzo, Colombia
La Portada, Chile
Pedra Furada, Ceará, Brasilien
Pedra Furada, Piauí, Brasilien
Pedra Furada, Santa Catarina, Brasilien
Puente del Inca, Argentina
Sete Cidades National Park, Brasilien
San Rafael Falls, Ecuador (dannet i 2020, kollapset i 2021)

Referencer

^ Big 14 Tour - Fairy Bridge Arkiveret 20. april 2017 hos Wayback Machine, The Natural Arch and Bridge Society
^ "Kerguelen Islands, French Southern and Antarctic Lands (Part 1) - Iles Kerguelen, TAAF". www.discoverfrance.net. Arkiveret fra originalen 17. januar 2012. {{cite web}}: |first= mangler |last= (hjælp)
^ Offbeat Tracks in Maharashtra - A Travel Guide - Book by Milind Gunaji ISBN 81-7154-669-2
^ "Gallery - Thailand - White Hole". www.naturalarches.org. Arkiveret fra originalen 4. marts 2017.
^ https://caobangtourism.vn/en/matthannuicbg
^ ^a ^b ^c Ian Ellis, red. (2011). Richard Ellis - The Photography Collection: Malta & Gozo. Vol. 4. s. 100. ISBN 978-99957-33-29-2. Arkiveret fra originalen 30. april 2016.
^ "The Worlds Longest Natural Spans". www.naturalarches.org. Natural Arch and Bridge Society. Arkiveret fra originalen 25. december 2016. Hentet 10. januar 2017.
^ "Koger Arch, Kentucky" Arkiveret 20. april 2017 hos Wayback Machine. naturalarches.org. The Natural Arch and Bridge Society. Retrieved November 6, 2017.
^ "Natural Arch". Kentucky Society of Professional Geologists. Arkiveret fra originalen 23. december 2015. Hentet 23. december 2015.
^ "Natural Arch of Kentucky" Arkiveret 19. april 2017 hos Wayback Machine. naturalarches.org. The Natural Arch and Bridge Society. Retrieved November 6, 2017.
^ "Natural Bridge | Arkansas.com". www.arkansas.com. Hentet 2020-11-24.
^ "Sea stack at Tettegouche toppled by powerful winter storm" 2019-12-02
^ "Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area: Twin Arches". nps.gov. April 14, 2015. Retrieved March 14, 2018.

Eksterne henvisninger

Wikimedia Commons har flere filer relateret til Naturlig klippebue

[1] Big 14 Tour - Fairy Bridge Arkiveret 20. april 2017 hos Wayback Machine, The Natural Arch and Bridge Society

[2] "Kerguelen Islands, French Southern and Antarctic Lands (Part 1) - Iles Kerguelen, TAAF". www.discoverfrance.net. Arkiveret fra originalen 17. januar 2012. {{cite web}}: |first= mangler |last= (hjælp)

[3] Offbeat Tracks in Maharashtra - A Travel Guide - Book by Milind Gunaji ISBN 81-7154-669-2

[4] "Gallery - Thailand - White Hole". www.naturalarches.org. Arkiveret fra originalen 4. marts 2017.

[5] ttps://caobangtourism.vn/en/matthannuicbg

[ianellis-6] Ian Ellis, red. (2011). Richard Ellis - The Photography Collection: Malta & Gozo. Vol. 4. s. 100. ISBN 978-99957-33-29-2. Arkiveret fra originalen 30. april 2016.

[7] "The Worlds Longest Natural Spans". www.naturalarches.org. Natural Arch and Bridge Society. Arkiveret fra originalen 25. december 2016. Hentet 10. januar 2017.

[8] "Koger Arch, Kentucky" Arkiveret 20. april 2017 hos Wayback Machine. naturalarches.org. The Natural Arch and Bridge Society. Retrieved November 6, 2017.

[9] "Natural Arch". Kentucky Society of Professional Geologists. Arkiveret fra originalen 23. december 2015. Hentet 23. december 2015.

[10] "Natural Arch of Kentucky" Arkiveret 19. april 2017 hos Wayback Machine. naturalarches.org. The Natural Arch and Bridge Society. Retrieved November 6, 2017.

[11] "Natural Bridge | Arkansas.com". www.arkansas.com. Hentet 2020-11-24.

[12] "Sea stack at Tettegouche toppled by powerful winter storm" 2019-12-02

[13] "Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area: Twin Arches". nps.gov. April 14, 2015. Retrieved March 14, 2018.

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