Monocyt

Udviklingslinierne fra stamcelle til blodlegemer

Monocytter er kroppens "skraldemænd", og deres job er at optage og tilintetgøre fremmede mikroorganismer og udslidte/døde celler. Monocytter er aktive både i blodet og i andre væv. Ved infektion vil et større antal monocytter gå ud i vævet, hvor de omdannes til makrofager, der er i stand til at nedbryde de indtrængende mikroorganismer. Denne evne til at nedbryde mikroorganismer gør makrofagerne til en vigtig del af kroppens forsvar mod infektion. Makrofager / monocytter er blandt de første af immunsystemets celler, der opdager bakterier eller virus ved en begyndende infektion. De har derfor også til opgave at alarmere de øvrige celler i immunsystemet, især lymfocytterne.

Dendritceller er differentierede monocytter, hvis hovedfunktion er at præsentere antigener og aktivere T-cellerne. De kaldes også for APC eller AP-celler (antigen-presenting cells).

Indhold i blodet

Indholdet i blodet af hvide blodlegemer, øverst som absolutte tal, nederst som fordeling i procent

Se også

BiologiSpire
Denne artikel om biologi er en spire som bør udbygges. Du er velkommen til at hjælpe Wikipedia ved at udvide den.

Medier brugt på denne side

Abeille-bee.svg
Forfatter/Opretter: Emmanuel Boutet, Licens: CC BY-SA 2.5
A black bee (Apis mellifera mellifera.
Reference ranges for blood tests - white blood cells.png
Reference ranges for white blood cells. Values taken from Wikipedia article (Wikipedia:Reference ranges for blood tests). Originally made in Inkscape by Mikael Häggström.
Hematopoiesis (human) diagram en.svg
Forfatter/Opretter:  
Vektor:
and
Mikael Häggström, M.D. Author info
- Reusing images
- Conflicts of interest:
  None
Mikael Häggström, M.D., Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0

This diagram shows the hematopoiesis as it occurs in humans. It may look incomplete when rendered directly from WikiMedia. Reference list is found at: File:Hematopoiesis (human) diagram.png

  • The morphological characteristics of the hematopoietic cells are shown as seen in a Wright’s stain, May-Giemsa stain or May-Grünwald-Giemsa stain. Alternative names of certain cells are indicated between parentheses.
  • Certain cells may have more than one characteristic appearance. In these cases, more than one representation of the same cell has been included.
  • Together, the monocyte and the lymphocytes comprise the agranulocytes, as opposed to the granulocytes (basophil, neutrophil and eosinophil) that are produced during granulopoiesis.
  • B., N. and E. stand for Basophilic, Neutrophilic and Eosinophilic, respectively – as in Basophilic promyelocyte. For lymphocytes, the T and B are actual designations.

  [1] The polychromatic erythrocyte (reticulocyte) at the right shows its characteristic appearance when stained with methylene blue or Azure B.
[2] The erythrocyte at the right is a more accurate representation of its appearance in reality when viewed through a microscope.
[3] Other cells that arise from the monocyte: osteoclast, microglia (central nervous system), Langerhans cell (epidermis), Kupffer cell (liver).

[4] For clarity, the T and B lymphocyte are split to better indicate that the plasma cell arises from the B-cell. Note that there is no difference in the appearance of B- and T-cells unless specific staining is applied.