Monocyt

Udviklingslinierne fra stamcelle til blodlegemer

Monocytter er kroppens "skraldemænd", og deres job er at optage og tilintetgøre fremmede mikroorganismer og udslidte/døde celler. Monocytter er aktive både i blodet og i andre væv. Ved infektion vil et større antal monocytter gå ud i vævet, hvor de omdannes til makrofager, der er i stand til at nedbryde de indtrængende mikroorganismer. Denne evne til at nedbryde mikroorganismer gør makrofagerne til en vigtig del af kroppens forsvar mod infektion. Makrofager / monocytter er blandt de første af immunsystemets celler, der opdager bakterier eller virus ved en begyndende infektion. De har derfor også til opgave at alarmere de øvrige celler i immunsystemet, især lymfocytterne.

Dendritceller er differentierede monocytter, hvis hovedfunktion er at præsentere antigener og aktiverer T-cellerne. De kaldes også for APC eller AP-celler (antigen-presenting cells).

Indhold i blodet

Indholdet i blodet af hvide blodlegemer, øverst som absolutte tal, nederst som fordeling i procent

Se også

Eksterne links

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Abeille-bee.svg
Forfatter/Opretter: Emmanuel Boutet, Licens: CC BY-SA 2.5
A black bee (Apis mellifera mellifera.
Reference ranges for blood tests - white blood cells.png
Reference ranges for white blood cells. Values taken from Wikipedia article (Wikipedia:Reference ranges for blood tests). Originally made in Inkscape by Mikael Häggström.
Hematopoiesis (human) diagram en.svg
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Mikael Häggström, M.D. Author info
- Reusing images
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Mikael Häggström, M.D., Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0

This diagram shows the hematopoiesis as it occurs in humans. It may look incomplete when rendered directly from WikiMedia. Reference list is found at: File:Hematopoiesis (human) diagram.png

  • The morphological characteristics of the hematopoietic cells are shown as seen in a Wright’s stain, May-Giemsa stain or May-Grünwald-Giemsa stain. Alternative names of certain cells are indicated between parentheses.
  • Certain cells may have more than one characteristic appearance. In these cases, more than one representation of the same cell has been included.
  • Together, the monocyte and the lymphocytes comprise the agranulocytes, as opposed to the granulocytes (basophil, neutrophil and eosinophil) that are produced during granulopoiesis.
  • B., N. and E. stand for Basophilic, Neutrophilic and Eosinophilic, respectively – as in Basophilic promyelocyte. For lymphocytes, the T and B are actual designations.

  [1] The polychromatic erythrocyte (reticulocyte) at the right shows its characteristic appearance when stained with methylene blue or Azure B.
[2] The erythrocyte at the right is a more accurate representation of its appearance in reality when viewed through a microscope.
[3] Other cells that arise from the monocyte: osteoclast, microglia (central nervous system), Langerhans cell (epidermis), Kupffer cell (liver).

[4] For clarity, the T and B lymphocyte are split to better indicate that the plasma cell arises from the B-cell. Note that there is no difference in the appearance of B- and T-cells unless specific staining is applied.