Mesencephalon
| Midthjerne Mesencephalon | |
|---|---|
 Inferiort vue af midthjernen (2), over (3) | |
 | |
| Detaljer | |
| Identifikatorer | |
| Latin | mesencephalon |
| MeSH | A08.186.211.132.659 |
| NeuroNames | hier-445 |
| NeuroLex ID | Midbrain |
| TA | A14.1.03.005 |
| FMA | 61993 |
| Anatomisk terminologi | |
Mesencephalon,[1] eller midthjernen er en del af hjernen.
Midthjernen regnes normalt for at være den øverste del af hjernestammen.[2]
Den kan deles op i midthjernens tectum og pedunculus cerebri.[3] Pedunculus cerebri kan deles op i midthjerne tegmentum, substantia nigra (den sorte substans) og crus cerebri.[4] Videre kan substantia nigra deles op i pars compacta og pars reticulata.[5]
Lesioner i midthjernens tegmentum kan føre til delta-bølger i storhjernebarken.[6]
Referencer
- ^ Federative Committee on Anatomical Terminology (FCAT) (1998). Terminologia Anatomica. Stuttgart: Thieme
- ^ Gordon M. Shephard (1994). Neurobiology. Side 195.
- ^ NeuroNames Latin Hierarchy: MESENCEPHALON
- ^ NeuroNames Latin Hierarchy: PEDUNCULUS CEREBRI
- ^ NeuroNames English Hierarchy: SUBSTANTIA NIGRA
- ^ P. Gloor, G. Ball og Neil Schaul (1977). "Brain lesions that produce delta waves in the EEG". Neurology.
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Forfatter/Opretter: John A Beal, PhD, Dep't. of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center – Shreveport, Licens: CC BY 2.5
Human brain frontal (coronal) section
The divisions of the brain are seen here in a Frontal (Coronal) Slice of the brain.
- Cerebrum
- Thalamus
- Mesencephalon - Midbrain
- Pons
- Medulla oblongata
- Medulla spinalis - Spinal cord
Forfatter/Opretter:
John A Beal, PhD
Dep't. of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Licens: CC BY 2.5Human brain - anterior-inferior view
The three divisions of the brainstem are seen here in this anterior- inferior view.
- Cerebrum
- Mesencephalon - Midbrain
- Pons
- Medulla oblongata
- Cerebellum
Forfatter/Opretter:
John A Beal, PhD
Dep't. of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Licens: CC BY 2.5Human brainstem and thalamus - posterior view
- Taenia choroidea (and lateral: Lamina affixa, Stria terminalis)
- Thalamus, Pulvinar thalami
- (Ventriculus tertius)
- Stalk of Glandula pinealis
- Habenula
- Stria medullaris
- Colliculus superior
- Brachium colliculi superioris
- Colliculus inferior
- Brachium colliculi inferioris
- Corpus geniculatum mediale
- Sulcus medianus
- Pedunculus cerebellaris superior
- Pedunculus cerebellaris inferior
- Pedunculus cerebellaris medius
- Tuberculum anterius thalami
- Obex, Area postrema
A: Thalamus, B: Mesencephalon, C: Pons, D: Medulla oblongata
On this specimen, the following thalamic structures can be seen: 1. the Epithalamus (Stria Medullaris Thalami, Habenula, & Pineal), 2. the Anterior Nucleus of the dorsal thalamus (Anterior Tubercle) and, 3. the Pulvinar (the large posterior portion of the dorsal thalamus which overhangs the midbrain.
The Medulla, Pons & Midbrain are delineated on the posterior surface of the brainstem.
NOTE: The 4 Colliculi of the tectum are refered to collectively as the Quadrigeminal Plate.
The three Cerebellar Peduncles are shown here as they enter the brainstem on each side. In the Midbrain identify the Superior Colliculus and Inferior Colliculus. Also identify the Brachium of the Superior Colliculus and the Brachium of the Inferior Colliculus which connect with the Lateral Geniculate Body and Medial Geniculate Body, respectively.
The cerebellum forms the roof of the 4th ventricle and is connected to the brainstem by 3 pairs of peduncles or pillars (shown on right side of brainstem) . The peduncles are made up of axons entering and leaving the cerebellum. The Inferior Cerebellar peduncle projects from the medulla, the large Middle Cerebellar Peduncle projects from the Pons, and the Superior Cerebellar Peduncle connects with the midbrain.