Koreas Folkehær
Koreas Folkehær 조선인민군 | |
---|---|
![]() Den koreanske folkehærs fane | |
Grundlagt | 8. februar 1948 |
Land | ![]() |
Størrelse | 1.106.000 (tjeneste) 8.200.000 (reserve) |
Slag og krige | Koreakrigen Vietnamkrigen Beskydningen af Yeonpyeong i 2010 |
Ledere | |
Formand for Militærkommisionen | Marskal Kim Jong-un |
Stabschef | Vicemarskal Hyon Yong-chol |
Insignier | |
Luftvåben | ![]() |
Koreas Folkehær (Chosŏn inmin'gun; 조선인민군) er den officielle hær for Den Demokratiske Folkerepublik Korea og verdens 4. største hær.
Alle mænd i Nordkorea aftjener 10 års værnepligt i hæren fra de er 17. Det sikrer en aktiv styrke på over 1,1 millioner soldater og en reserve på 8,2 millioner mænd og kvinder.
Hæren har et efterhånden aldrende, men stadig tungt arsenal af diverse artilleri og jagerfly, primært af ældre sovjetisk model. Der udover har hæren verdens tredjestørste arsenal af kemiske våben, bl.a. store lagre med tabun og sarin. Hæren har desuden gennemført en række atomprøvesprængninger i 2006 og 2009 og udvikler og råder over moderne SRBM-, MRBM- og ICBM-missilsystemer, som formentlig kan indeholde atomvåben.
Kim Jong-un er formand for militærkommissionen og dermed øverstbefalende for hæren.
Om hæren
Songun
![Uddybende](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/15px-Searchtool.svg.png)
Hele samfundsstrukturen i folkerepublikken er bygget på teorien Sŏn'gun, der er et koreansk begreb, som betyder Militæret Først. Teorien blev lanceret af Kim Jong-Il i 1994, lige efter Kim Il-Sung's død. Songun står for at hæren altid er det øverste og mest magtfulde organ i staten, over regeringen. Det betyder i praksis at hæren har første prioritet på statsbudgettet og landets øvrige ressourcer. Det forklarer også hvorfor folkerepublikkens de facto leder ikke er præsidenten eller premierministeren, men i stedet Kim Jong-un, der er Formand for Militærkommissionen - den mest magtfulde position en nulevende kan have i Nordkorea. Det skyldes at den ultimativt højeste magtposition i landet stadig tilhører den afdøde Kim Il-Sung, som de jure er "Præsident til evig tid".
Historie
Dannelsen af folkehæren
Hæren opstod formelt den 25. april 1932 i Yenan, Kina og blev stiftet af Kim Tu-bong og Mu Chong som en illegal kommunistisk guerillahær, der skulle bekæmpe den japanske besættelsesmagt, som holdt Korea som japansk koloni fra 1905 til 1945.
Hæren blev officielt annonceret den 8. februar 1948, syv måneder før Den Demokratiske Folkerepublik Korea blev udråbt den 9. september 1948 af Kim Il-Sung og har siden været Nordkoreas nationale hær. Sovjetunionen bidrog til det materielle grundlag for hæren og sendte ligeledes delegationer til Nordkorea for at uddanne de første nordkoreanske officerer til basistræning af soldater.
Koreakrigen
![Uddybende](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/15px-Searchtool.svg.png)
Arsenal
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Joint_Security_Area.jpg/300px-Joint_Security_Area.jpg)
Infanteri
Billede | Navn | Type | Producent | Antal (ca.) |
---|---|---|---|---|
![]() | Type 59 | Kampvogn | ![]() | 1,000 |
![]() | Type 63 | Kampvogn | ![]() | Ukendt |
![]() | T-55 | Kampvogn | ![]() | 1,600 |
![]() | BTR-60 | Kampvogn | ![]() | 1,000 |
![]() | T-62 | Kampvogn | ![]() | 800 |
PT-76 | Kampvogn | ![]() | 460 | |
![]() | ZSU-57-2 | Antiluftskyts | ![]() | 250 |
![]() | BMP-1 | Kampvogn | ![]() | 200 |
![]() | ZSU-23-4 | Antiluftskyts | ![]() | 100 |
100px | BM-21 Grad | Artilleri | ![]() | 50 |
(c) Dmottl, CC BY-SA 3.0 | 2S4 Tyulpan | Mortér | ![]() | 50 |
![]() | Chonma-ho | Kampvogn | ![]() | 1,200 |
Flåde
Billede | Navn | Type | Producent | Antal (ca.) |
---|---|---|---|---|
![]() | Romeo class | Ubåd | ![]() | 22 |
Whiskey class | Ubåd | ![]() | 4 | |
![]() | Osa class | Angriber | ![]() | 12 |
![]() | Burevestnik | Fregat | ![]() | 1 |
Luftvåben
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/DPRK_MiG-29.jpg/300px-DPRK_MiG-29.jpg)
Billede | Navn | Type | Producent | Antal (ca.) |
---|---|---|---|---|
![]() | MiG-21 | Fighter | ![]() | 150 |
![]() | MiG-23 | Fighter | ![]() | 56 |
MiG-29 | Multi | ![]() | 40 | |
![]() | Mil Mi-24 | Angriber | ![]() | 20 |
![]() | Il-76 | Transport | ![]() | 3 |
Chengdu J-7 | Operationel | ![]() | 40 | |
![]() | MQM-107 Streaker | UAV | ![]() | 25 |
Ballistiske missiler
Billede | Navn | Type | Rækkevidde | Producent | Antal (ca.) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() | 9K52 Luna-M | Artilleri | 70 km. | ![]() | 25 |
![]() | P-15 Termit | Anti-skib | 160 km. | ![]() | Ukendt |
![]() | OTR-21 Tochka | SRBM | 120 km. | ![]() | 30 |
![]() | Hwasong-6 | SRBM | 700 km. | ![]() | 800 |
![]() | BM25 Musudan | IRBM | 4000 km. | ![]() | 30 |
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Medier brugt på denne side
Forfatter/Opretter: Eduard Marmet, Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
Ilyushin Il-76TD of Aeroflot at Zurich Airport
Simple scheme of an R-27 (SS-N-6 Serb) SLBM
Forfatter/Opretter: Cezary Piwowarski *derivative work: Victorrocha (talk), Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
Mil Mi-24D in service with Polish 49th pśb
Flag of the Korean People's Army, with fringe.
Forfatter/Opretter: Gilad.rom, Licens: CC BY 3.0
A North Korean guide (naval Captain) next to the USS Pueblo
A North Korean soldier standing guard on the road to the Joint Security Area at the Korean Demilitarized Zone. North Korean side.
9T29 Transporter with 9M21 rocket of 9K52 missile complex «Luna-M» in Saint Petersburg Artillery museum
Roundel of the Korean People's Army Air Force (KPAF).
A Bulgarian MiG-21bis taxis at Graf Ignatievo Air Base, Bulgaria during a bi-laterial exercise between the U.S. and Bulgarian air forces. More than 100 members of the Oregon Air National Guard are deployed to the 3rd Air Force Base in Graf Ignatievo to participate in exercise Sentry Lion. The exercise promotes cooperation and interoperability among NATO partners.
Forfatter/Opretter: Mark Scott Johnson, Licens: CC BY 2.0
A North Korean military off road vehicle.
Forfatter/Opretter: No machine-readable author provided. Bukvoed assumed (based on copyright claims)., Licens: CC BY 2.5
Description: T-62 tank in Batey ha-Osef Museum, Tel Aviv, Israel. 2005.
Source: Photo by me, User:Bukvoed.Forfatter/Opretter: Vitaly V. Kuzmin, Licens: CC BY-SA 4.0
Т-55А
Forfatter/Opretter: No machine-readable author provided. Bukvoed assumed (based on copyright claims)., Licens: CC BY 2.5
Description: Soviet ZSU-23-4 self propelled air defence cannon in Yad la-Shiryon Museum, Israel. 2005.
Source: Photo by me, User:Bukvoed.Congressional research service map of North Korean ballistic missile ranges
An OSA-1 type ship launced missile
(c) Coert van Breda at nederlandsk Wikipedia, CC BY 2.5 nl
HuAF MIG-29UB '26' at Koksijde Airshow 2005
Forfatter/Opretter: Mike1979 Russia, Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
Silhouette of Whiskey-class submarine (Project 613) without deck artillery.
(c) Vanished user 03 fra en.wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA 3.0
Soviet PT-76 amphibious tank, on display near the Museum of the Great Patriotic War, Kiev, August 2005 Image by ChrisO 20:25, 26 September 2005 (UTC)
The Russian submarine PZS-50. Southern bay of Sevastopol, Russian navy, 2008. Project 633 build in USSR in 1961, modernized to Project 633RV in 1972. Other names: S-49, SS-49. Finally named PZS-50 in 1995. Romeo class submarine.
Forfatter/Opretter: No machine-readable author provided. Bukvoed assumed (based on copyright claims)., Licens: CC BY 2.5
Description: Soviet ZSU-57-2 self propelled air defence cannon in Yad la-Shiryon Museum, Israel. 2005.
Source: Photo by me, User:Bukvoed.A Chinese Type 59 tank at the Beijing Military Museum
An MQM-107E Streaker sub-scale aerial target drone flies through the ski here April 20 during a Combat Archer exercise. MQM-107E sub-scale aerial target drones are assigned to the 82nd Aerial Targets Squadron here and are used as targets during Combat Archer missions.
Burevestnik M class frigate Pytlivyy. NATO reporting name is Krivak II. Photo taken in Sevastopol bay from a boat.
Forfatter/Opretter: Coyote sprit, Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
Flag of the Korean People's Army Air Force
A North Korean MiG-29, picture taken by a crewman of an American P-3 Orion
Forfatter/Opretter: Kok Leng Yeo from Singapore, Singapore, Licens: CC BY 2.0
The Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), the 4km wide buffer zone separating North and South Korea is rather ironically, anything but demilitarized. Both countries are still technically at war, the ceasefire and armistice that ended the fighting were never followed with a formal peace treaty.
The Joint-Security Area is a row of blue and white huts straddling the Military Demarcation Line dividing the peninsula where armistice talks continue to this day.An air-to-air right side view of a Soviet MiG-23 Flogger aircraft. Exact Date Shot Unknown (Released to Public). You can see a loadout of 2x R-24R Semi-Active Radar Homing (SARH) missiles under the wing pylons, 2x R-60M all-aspect Infra Red homing missiles under the belly pylons as well as an external fuel tank under the belly.
Forfatter/Opretter: No machine-readable author provided. Bukvoed assumed (based on copyright claims)., Licens: CC BY 2.5
Description: Soviet T-62 MBT (Israeli designation Tiran 6) in Yad la-Shiryon Museum, Israel. 2005.
Source: Photo by me, User:Bukvoed.Forfatter/Opretter: Cliff, Licens: CC BY 2.0
This is the Styx, a surface-to-surface, anti-ship missile that became operational with the former Soviet Navy in 1958. A solid fuel booster (not shown here) launched the missile, and a built-in rocket engine sustained its flight. It had a range of about 26 miles. Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center.
A North Korean Soldier stands guard at the Korean Demilitarized Zone August 11.
Forfatter/Opretter: Darkone, Licens: CC BY-SA 2.0
Armored fighting vehicle (AFV), or mechanized infantry combat vehicle (MICV), czechoslovak modification of BMP-1; with special facility for optoelectronical reconnaissance of battlefield; in landing team space there are workplace for two operators; crew: 5+0; between driver hatch and commander hatch there is monted primary container with recognize devices, secondary container may be monted on rail of AT-3 launcher, six smoke grenade launchers are monted on rear of turret.
A Chinese Type 63 APC at the Beijing Military Museum from the front
A Pakistani Chengdu F-7PG aircraft conducts a training mission during a multinational exercise Dec. 9, 2009, in Southwest Asia. Aircrews from France, Jordan, Pakistan, the U.A.E., the U.K. and the U.S. are training together in the Air Forces Central area of responsibility.
Forfatter/Opretter: Alexander Chebanenko (User:Candid), Licens: CC BY-SA 3.0
Парк Победы, г. Саратов.