Human coronavirus OC43

Human coronavirus OC43
(HCoV-OC43)
Transmissions-elektronmikroskopi af HCoV-OC43
Videnskabelig klassifikation
DomæneRiboviria
RigeOrthornavirae
RækkePisuviricota
KlassePisoniviricetes
OrdenNidovirales
FamilieCoronaviridae
SlægtBetacoronavirus
ArtBetacoronavirus 1
StammeHuman coronavirus OC43
Hjælp til læsning af taksobokse

Human coronavirus OC43[1] (HCoV-OC43) tilhører arten Betacoronavirus 1 i slægten Betacoronavirus; den kan inficere mennesker og kvæg.[2][3] Den inficerende coronavirus er en indkapslet, enkeltstrenget (single-stranded) RNA-virus med positiv sense, der kommer ind i værtscellen ved at binde til receptoren 'N-acetyl-9-O-acetylneuraminsyre'.[4]

OC43 er en af syv kendte coronavirus der kan inficere mennesker: HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, MERS-CoV, den originale SARS-CoV (eller SARS-CoV-1) og SARS-CoV-2. Sammen med HCoV-229E og HCoV-NL63 (medlemmer af Alphacoronavirus-slægten) og Betacoronavirus HCoV-HKU1, er det en af de virus der er ansvarlige for forkølelse.[5][6] Virusset har − som andre coronavirus fra slægten Betacoronavirus, subgenus Embecovirus − yderligere et kortere peplomer eller 'spike-protein' (S) [note 1] Hemagglutinin esterase (HE).[7][2]

Analyse af det molekylære ur mellem menneskets OC43-virus og koens coronavirus (BCoV) viser et påfaldende årstalssammenfald for virussernes seneste fælles stamfar og 1889-1890-pandemien.[8] Den pandemi har ellers har været forklaret som en influenza-pandemi.

Noter og referencer

Noter
  1. ^ peplomer / spike-protein : Vedr. strukturproteiner, se evt. Coronavirus#Proteiner hvor de nævnes : "Spike (S) (også benævnt peplomer) er overfladeprotein og glycoprotein på 1255-1282 aminosyrer, der danner trimerer og bestemmer værtsspecifiteten og infektiviteten, idet det reagerer med værtens cellulære receptor, ..."
Referencer
  1. ^ Lee, Paul. Molecular epidemiology of human coronavirus OC43 in Hong Kong (Afhandling). The University of Hong Kong Libraries. doi:10.5353/th_b4501128. hdl:10722/131538. 
  2. ^ a b "Taxonomy browser (Betacoronavirus 1)". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Hentet 2020-02-29. 
  3. ^ Lim, Yvonne Xinyi; Ng, Yan Ling; Tam, James P.; Liu, Ding Xiang (2016-07-25). "Human Coronaviruses: A Review of Virus–Host Interactions". Diseases. 4 (3): 26. PMC 5456285free to read. PMID 28933406. doi:10.3390/diseases4030026. See Table 1. 
  4. ^ Li, Fang (2016-09-29). "Structure, Function, and Evolution of Coronavirus Spike Proteins". Annual Review of Virology. 3 (1): 237-261. PMC 5457962free to read. PMID 27578435. doi:10.1146/annurev-virology-110615-042301. BCoV S1-NTD does not recognize galactose as galectins do. Instead, it recognizes 5-N-acetyl-9-O-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5,9Ac2) (30, 43). The same sugar receptor is also recognized by human coronavirus OC43 (43, 99). OC43 and BCoV are closely related genetically, and OC43 might have resulted from zoonotic spillover of BCoV (100, 101). 
  5. ^ Lau, Susanna K. P.; Lee, Paul; Tsang, Alan K. L.; Yip, Cyril C. Y.; Tse, Herman; Lee, Rodney A.; So, Lok-Yee; Lau, Y.-L.; Chan, Kwok-Hung; Woo, Patrick C. Y.; Yuen, Kwok-Yung (2011). "Molecular Epidemiology of Human Coronavirus OC43 Reveals Evolution of Different Genotypes over Time and Recent Emergence of a Novel Genotype due to Natural Recombination". Journal of Virology. 85 (21): 11325-37. PMC 3194943free to read. PMID 21849456. doi:10.1128/JVI.05512-11. 
  6. ^ Gaunt, E.R.; Hardie, A.; Claas, E.C.J.; Simmonds, P.; Templeton, K.E. (2010). "Epidemiology and clinical presentations of the four human coronaviruses 229E, HKU1, NL63, and OC43 detected over 3 years using a novel multiplex real-time PCR method". J Clin Microbiol. 48 (8): 2940-7. PMC 2916580free to read. PMID 20554810. doi:10.1128/JCM.00636-10. 
  7. ^ Woo, Patrick C. Y.; Huang, Yi; Lau, Susanna K. P.; Yuen, Kwok-Yung (2010-08-24). "Coronavirus Genomics and Bioinformatics Analysis". Viruses. 2 (8): 1804-20. PMC 3185738free to read. PMID 21994708. doi:10.3390/v2081803. In all members of Betacoronavirus subgroup A, a haemagglutinin esterase (HE) gene, which encodes a glycoprotein with neuraminate O-acetyl-esterase activity and the active site FGDS, is present downstream to ORF1ab and upstream to S gene (Figure 1). 
  8. ^ Leen Vijgen; Els Keyaerts; Elien Moës; Inge Thoelen; Elke Wollants; Philippe Lemey; Anne-Mieke Vandamme; Marc Van Ranst (1. februar 2005), "Complete genomic sequence of human coronavirus OC43: molecular clock analysis suggests a relatively recent zoonotic coronavirus transmission event.", Journal of Virology, 79 (3): 1595-1604, PMC 544107free to read, PMID 15650185, doi:10.1128/JVI.79.3.1595-1604.2005. , Wikidata Q33717322

Se også

Eksterne henvisninger

Taksonidentifikatorer
BiologiSpire
Denne artikel om biologi er en spire som bør udbygges. Du er velkommen til at hjælpe Wikipedia ved at udvide den.

Medier brugt på denne side

Free-to-read lock 75.svg
Forfatter/Opretter: This version:Trappist_the_monk (talk) (Uploads), Licens: CC0
Uses integer grid locations; narrower, integer stroke width; ellipse instead of spline for the shackle; shackle is more 'open'; transparent background instead of white background.
Abeille-bee.svg
Forfatter/Opretter: Emmanuel Boutet, Licens: CC BY-SA 2.5
A black bee (Apis mellifera mellifera.
SARS-CoV-2 without background.png
This illustration, created at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), reveals ultrastructural morphology exhibited by coronaviruses. Note the spikes that adorn the outer surface of the virus, which impart the look of a corona surrounding the virion, when viewed electron microscopically. A novel coronavirus, named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was identified as the cause of an outbreak of respiratory illness first detected in Wuhan, China in 2019. The illness caused by this virus has been named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
TEM of coronavirus OC43.jpg
This 1981 transmission electron microscopic (TEM) image revealed the presence of numbers of coronavirus OC43 virions.