Fusor
En fusor er et apparat, som anvender et elektrisk felt til at opvarme ioner til kernefusion betingelser. Maskinen inducerer en spænding mellem to metalbure, i et vakuum. Positive ioner falder gennem dette spændingsfald, hvilket øger ionhastigheden. Hvis ionerne kolliderer i centrum, kan de fusionere.
En Farnsworth-Hirsch fusor er den mest almindelige fusortype.[1] Dette design kom fra arbejde udført af Philo T. Farnsworth i 1964 - og Robert L. Hirsch i 1967.[2][3] En fusorvariant er tidligere blevet foreslået af William Elmore, James L. Tuck og Ken Watson ved Los Alamos National Laboratory[4] men de har aldrig bygget maskinen.
Fusorer er blevet bygget af forskellige institutioner. Disse inkluderer akademiske institutioner såsom University of Wisconsin–Madison,[5], Massachusetts Institute of Technology[6] og myndighedsorganer, såsom Atomic Energy Organization of Iran og Turkish Atomic Energy Authority.[7][8] Fusorer er også blevet udviklet kommercielt, som neutronkilder af DaimlerChrysler Aerospace[9] og som en metode til at generere medicinske isotoper.[10][11][12] Fusorer er og blevet meget populære for hobbyister og amatører. Et stigende antal amatører har udført kernefusion ved at anvende simple fusormaskiner.[13][14][15][16][17][18]
Se også
Kilder/referencer
- ^ "Biography of Philo Taylor Farnsworth". University of Utah Marriott Library Special Collections. Arkiveret fra originalen 2013-10-21. Hentet 2007-07-05.
- ^ Robert L. Hirsch, "Inertial-Electrostatic Confinement of Ionized Fusion Gases", Journal of Applied Physics, v. 38, no. 7, October 1967
- ^ P. T. Farnsworth (private communication, 1964)
- ^ "On the Inertial Electrostatic Confinement of a Plasma" William Elmore, James Tuck and Ken Watson, The Physics of Fluids, January 30, 1959
- ^ Ion Flow and Fusion Reactivity, Characterization of a Spherically convergent ion Focus. PhD Thesis, Dr. Timothy A Thorson, Wisconsin-Madison 1996.
- ^ Improving Particle Confinement in Inertial electrostatic Fusion for Spacecraft Power and Propulsion. Dr. Carl Dietrich, PhD Thesis, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007
- ^ "Preliminary Results of Experimental Studies from Low Pressure Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Device" Journal of Fusion Energy, May 23, 2013
- ^ "Experimental Study of the Iranian Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Device as a Continuous Neutron Generator" V. Damideh, A. Sadighzadeh, Koohi, Aslezaeem, Heidarnia, Abdollahi, Journal of Fusion Energy, June 11, 2011
- ^ Miley, G. H.; Sved, J (oktober 2000). "The IEC star-mode fusion neutron source for NAA--status and next-step designs". Appl Radiat Isot. 53 (4-5): 779-83. PMID 11003520.
- ^ "Phoenix Nuclear Labs meets neutron production milestone", PNL press release May 1, 2013, Ross Radel, Evan Sengbusch
- ^ http://shinemed.com/products/ Arkiveret 9. juni 2019 hos Wayback Machine, SHINE Medical Technologies, accessed 1-20-2014
- ^ Oldenburg, awesome Webdesign Bremen. "- Gradel – Neutron generators of the latest technology with multiple possible applications". www.nsd-fusion.com. Arkiveret fra originalen 20. oktober 2020. Hentet 21. januar 2021.
- ^ Hull, Richard. "The Fusor List." The Open Source Fusor Research Consortium II – Download Complete Thread. 58. http://fusor.net/board/viewtopic.php?t=13&f=7&sid=4d8521abbea0401b7c9ee0d4a6b09d6e#p512 Arkiveret 14. maj 2019 hos Wayback Machine, 24 Apr. 2013.
- ^ http://spectrum.ieee.org/energy/nuclear/fusion-on-a-budget Arkiveret 9. juni 2019 hos Wayback Machine "Fusion on a Budget" IEEE Specturm March 2009
- ^ "Archived copy". Arkiveret fra originalen 2014-09-16. Hentet 2014-09-15.
{{cite web}}: CS1-vedligeholdelse: Arkivtitel brugt (link) "THE HAYLETT NUCLEAR FUSION PROJECT" Accessed 9/15/2014 - ^ http://www.cnet.com/news/13-year-old-builds-working-nuclear-fusion-reactor/ Arkiveret 9. juni 2019 hos Wayback Machine "13-year-old builds working nuclear fusion reactor" CNET news, March 2014
- ^ Danzico, Matthew (2010-06-23). "'I built a nuclear reactor in NYC'". BBC News (britisk engelsk). Arkiveret fra originalen 9. juni 2019. Hentet 2018-11-30.
- ^ "How to Build a $1000 Fusion Reactor in Your Basement | DiscoverMagazine.com". Discover Magazine. Arkiveret fra originalen 9. juni 2019. Hentet 2018-11-30.
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(c) William Jack, CC-BY-SA-3.0
A homemade IEC fusion reactor created by a high school student, William Jack, clearly showing the plasma and poissors emanating from it.