French Open-mesterskabet i damesingle
| French Open-mesterskabet i damesingle | |
|---|---|
 Chris Evert vandt syv titler. | |
| Arrangement | |
| Grundlagt | 1897 |
| Arrangør | Fédération Française de Tennis (FFT) |
| Spillested | Stade Roland Garros (1928-nu) |
| Værtsby | Paris (1897-1908, 1910-nu) Bordeaux (1909) |
| Underlag | Grus eller sand (1897-1907) Grus (1908-nu) |
| Præmiesum | € 22.112.000 (2024) |
| WTA Tour | |
| Kategori | Grand slam |
| Flest titler | |
| Damesingle |  Chris Evert |
French Open-mesterskabet i damesingle er en tennisturnering, der siden 1897 er afviklet årligt som en del af French Open, kun afbrudt af første og anden verdenskrig. Siden 1928 er mesterskabet blevet spillet på grusbaner på Stade Roland Garros i Paris, Frankrig.
Turneringen bliver spillet over to uger i slutningen af maj og begyndelsen af juni og har siden 1987 været årets anden grand slam-turnering.
Historie
Mesterskabet hed Championnats de France indtil 1924 og var forbeholdt amatørmedlemmer af franske tennisklubber. Sandbanerne i Île de Puteaux og grusbanerne i Racing Club de France skiftedes til at være værter for arrangementet indtil 1908. Efter et år i Bordeaux i 1909, vendte det tilbage til Paris i 1910, hvorefter det fast blev afviklet i Racing Club de France indtil 1924. I 1925 blev mesterskabet åbnet for udenlandske spillere, men stadig forbeholdt amatører, og i den forbindelse skiftede det navn til Championnats internationaux de France. I 1925 og 1927 spilledes turneringen i Stade Français, men den i 1926 vendte tilbage til Racing Club de France. I 1928 flyttede man til det nybyggede Stade Roland Garros, hvor turneringen er blevet spillet siden da.[1] Fra 1941 til 1944 blev der afholdt en åben turnering for franske amatører og professionelle under navnet Tournoi de France. Disse turneringer bliver ikke regnet for en del af French Opens historie af FFT. French Open gik ind i den åbne æra i forbindelse med 1968-udgaven af mesterskabet, og siden har professionelle spillere kunnet deltage på lige fod med amatører.
Damesinglemesteren modtager en miniaturekopi af sølv-pokalen Coupe Suzanne Lenglen, der er opkaldt efter fransk tennis' kvindelige verdensstjerne i 1920'erne: Suzanne Lenglen. I 2017 var der endvidere en pengepræmie på € 2.100.000 til vinderen.[2]
I perioden som nationalt fransk mesterskab, hvor turneringen kun var åbne for medlemmer af franske tennisklubber og franske statsborgere, indehaves rekorden for flest titler af Adine Masson (1897–1899, 1902–1903) med fem titler. Rekorden for flest vundne titler i træk indehaves af Jeanne Matthey (1909–1912) og Suzanne Lenglen (1920–1923), der begge vandt fire titler i træk.
I de internationale franske mesterskaber, dvs. efter at turneringen blev åbnet for udenlandske spillere men før den åbne æra, sidder Helen Wills Moody (1928–1930, 1932) på rekorden for flest titler med 4. I denne periode er rekorden for flest titler i træk 3, og den deles af Wills Moody (1928–1930) og Hilde Krahwinkel Sperling (1935–1937).
I de åbne æra, dvs. siden udvidelsen med professionelle spillere, har Chris Evert rekorden for flest titler med syv (1974–1975, 1979–1980, 1983, 1985–1986). Men Monica Seles (1990–1992) og Justine Henin (2005–2007) deler rekorden for flest titler i træk med tre.
Turneringen er blevet vundet uden sættab af Evonne Goolagong Cawley i 1971, Billie Jean King i 1972, Chris Evert i 1974, Steffi Graf i 1988, Arantxa Sánchez Vicario i 1994, Justine Henin i 2006 og 2007 samt Iga Świątek i 2020.
Vindere og finalister
(c) Bundesarchiv, Bild 102-07878 / CC-BY-SA 3.0
_(51376077666).jpg)
| Nationalt fransk mesterskab for amatører | |||
| År | Mester | Finalist | Resultat |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1897 |  Adine Masson (1) | P. Girod | 6–3, 6–1 |
| 1898 | Adine Masson (2) | — | Eneste deltager |
| 1899 | Adine Masson (3) | — | Eneste deltager |
| 1900 | Hélène Prévost (1) | — | Eneste deltager |
| 1901 | P. Girod (1) | Leroux | 6–1, 6–1 |
| 1902 | Adine Masson (4) | P. Girod | 6–0, 6–1 |
| 1903 | Adine Masson (5) | Kate Gillou | 6–0, 6–8, 6–0 |
| 1904 | Kate Gillou (1) | Adine Masson | ? |
| 1905 | Kate Gillou (2) | Yvonne de Pfeffel | 6–0, 11–9 |
| 1906 | Kate Gillou-Fenwick (3) | Mac Veagh | ? |
| 1907 | Comtesse de Kermel (1) | Catherine d'Aliney d'Elva | 6–1, opg. |
| 1908 | Kate Gillou-Fenwick (4) | Pean | 6–2, 6–2 |
| 1909 | Jeanne Matthey (1) | Abeille Villard Gallay | 10–8, 6–4 |
| 1910 | Jeanne Matthey (2) | Germaine Régnier | 1–6 6–1 9–7 |
| 1911 | Jeanne Matthey (3) | Marguerite Broquedis | 6–2, 7–5 |
| 1912 | Jeanne Matthey (4) | Marie Danet | 6–2, 7–5 |
| 1913 | Marguerite Broquedis (1) | Jeanne Matthey | 6–3, 6–3 |
| 1914 | Marguerite Broquedis (2) | Suzanne Lenglen | 5–7, 6–4, 6–3 |
| 1915-1919 | Ingen turneringer på grund af første verdenskrig. | ||
| 1920 | Suzanne Lenglen (1) | Marguerite Broquedis | 6–1, 7–5 |
| 1921 | Suzanne Lenglen (2) | Germaine Golding | w.o. |
| 1922 | Suzanne Lenglen (3) | Germaine Golding | 6–4, 6–2 |
| 1923 | Suzanne Lenglen (4) | Germaine Golding | 6–1, 6–4 |
| 1924 | Julie Vlasto (1) | Jeanne Vaussard | 6–2, 6–3 |
| Internationalt fransk mesterskab for amatører | |||
| År | Mester | Finalist | Resultat |
| 1925 | Suzanne Lenglen (5) |  Kitty McKane Godfree | 6–1, 6–2 |
| 1926 | Suzanne Lenglen (6) |  Mary Browne | 6–1, 6–0 |
| 1927 |  Kea Bouman (1) |  Irene Bowder Peacock | 6–2, 6–4 |
| 1928 | Helen Wills Moody (1) | Eileen Bennett Whittingstall | 6–1, 6–2 |
| 1929 | Helen Wills Moody (2) | Simonne Mathieu | 6–3, 6–4 |
| 1930 | Helen Wills Moody (3) | Helen Jacobs | 6–2, 6–1 |
| 1931 |  Cilly Aussem (1) | Betty Nuthall | 8–6, 6–1 |
| 1932 | Helen Wills Moody (4) | Simonne Mathieu | 7–5, 6–1 |
| 1933 | Margaret Scriven Vivian (1) | Simonne Mathieu | 6–2, 4–6, 6–4 |
| 1934 | Margaret Scriven Vivian (2) | Helen Jacobs | 7–5, 4–6, 6–1 |
| 1935 |   Hilde Sperling (1) | Simonne Mathieu | 6–2, 6–1 |
| 1936 | Hilde Sperling (2) | Simonne Mathieu | 6–3, 6–4 |
| 1937 | Hilde Sperling (3) | Simonne Mathieu | 6–2, 6–4 |
| 1938 | Simonne Mathieu (4) | Nelly Adamson Landry | 6–0, 6–3 |
| 1939 | Simonne Mathieu (4) |  Jadwiga Jędrzejowska | 6–3, 8–6 |
| 1940-1945 | Ingen turneringer på grund af anden verdenskrig. | ||
| 1946 | Margaret Osborne duPont (1) | Pauline Betz Addie | 1–6, 8–6, 7–5 |
| 1947 | Patricia Canning Todd (1) | Doris Hart | 6–3, 3–6, 6–4 |
| 1948 | Nelly Adamson Landry (1) | Shirley Fry Irvin | 6–2, 0–6, 6–0 |
| 1949 | Margaret Osborne duPont (2) | Nelly Adamson Landry | 7–5, 6–2 |
| 1950 | Doris Hart (1) | Patricia Canning Todd | 6–4, 4–6, 6–2 |
| 1951 | Shirley Fry Irvin (1) | Doris Hart | 6–3, 3–6, 6–3 |
| 1952 | Doris Hart (2) | Shirley Fry Irvin | 6–4, 6–4 |
| 1953 | Maureen Connolly (1) | Doris Hart | 6–2, 6–4 |
| 1954 | Maureen Connolly (2) | Ginette Bucaille | 6–4, 6–1 |
| 1955 | Angela Mortimer Barrett (1) | Dorothy Head Knode | 2–6, 7–5, 10–8 |
| 1956 | Althea Gibson (1) | Angela Mortimer Barrett | 6–0, 12–10 |
| 1957 | Shirley Bloomer Brasher (1) | Dorothy Head Knode | 6–1, 6–3 |
| 1958 |  Zsuzsa Körmöczy (1) | Shirley Bloomer Brasher | 6–4, 1–6, 6–2 |
| 1959 | Christine Truman Janes (1) | Zsuzsa Körmöczy | 6–4, 7–5 |
| 1960 |  Darlene Hard (1) |  Yola Ramírez Ochoa | 6–3, 6–4 |
| 1961 | Ann Haydon Jones (1) | Yola Ramírez Ochoa | 6–2, 6–1 |
| 1962 |  Margaret Court (1) | Lesley Turner Bowrey | 6–3, 3–6, 7–5 |
| 1963 | Lesley Turner Bowrey (1) | Ann Haydon Jones | 2–6, 6–3, 7–5 |
| 1964 | Margaret Court (2) |  Maria Bueno | 5–7, 6–1, 6–2 |
| 1965 | Lesley Turner Bowrey (2) | Margaret Court | 6–3, 6–4 |
| 1966 | Ann Haydon Jones (2) |  Nancy Richey Gunter | 6–3, 6–1 |
| 1967 | Françoise Dürr (1) | Lesley Turner Bowrey | 4–6, 6–3, 6–4 |
| French Open | |||
| År | Mester | Finalist | Resultat |
| 1968 | Nancy Richey (1) | Ann Haydon Jones | 5–7, 6–4, 6–1 |
| 1969 | Margaret Court (3) | Ann Haydon Jones | 6–1, 4–6, 6–3 |
| 1970 | Margaret Court (4) |  Helga Niessen | 6–2, 6–4 |
| 1971 | Evonne Goolagong Cawley (1) | Helen Gourlay Cawley | 6–3, 7–5 |
| 1972 | Billie Jean King (1) | Evonne Goolagong Cawley | 6–3, 6–3 |
| 1973 | Margaret Court (5) | Chris Evert | 6–7, 7–6, 6–4 |
| 1974 | Chris Evert (1) |  Olga Morozova | 6–1, 6–2 |
| 1975 | Chris Evert (2) |  Martina Navratilova | 2–6, 6–2, 6–1 |
| 1976 | Sue Barker (1) | Renáta Tomanová | 6–2, 0–6, 6–2 |
| 1977 |  Mima Jaušovec (1) |  Florenţa Mihai | 6–2, 6–7, 6–1 |
| 1978 | Virginia Ruzici (1) | Mima Jaušovec | 6–2, 6–2 |
| 1979 | Chris Evert (3) | Wendy Turnbull | 6–2, 6–0 |
| 1980 | Chris Evert (4) | Virginia Ruzici | 6–0, 6–3 |
| 1981 | Hana Mandlíková (1) | Sylvia Hanika | 6–2, 6–4 |
| 1982 | Martina Navratilova (1) | Andrea Jaeger | 7–6, 6–1 |
| 1983 | Chris Evert (5) | Mima Jaušovec | 6–1, 6–2 |
| 1984 | Martina Navratilova (2) | Chris Evert | 6–3, 6–1 |
| 1985 | Chris Evert (6) | Martina Navratilova | 6–3, 6–7(4), 7–5 |
| 1986 | Chris Evert (7) | Martina Navratilova | 2–6, 6–3, 6–3 |
| 1987 | Steffi Graf (1) | Martina Navratilova | 6–4, 4–6, 8–6 |
| 1988 | Steffi Graf (2) | Natasja Zvereva | 6–0, 6–0 |
| 1989 |  Arantxa Sánchez Vicario (1) | Steffi Graf | 7–6(6), 3–6, 7–5 |
| 1990 | Monica Seles (1) | Steffi Graf | 7–6(6), 6–4 |
| 1991 | Monica Seles (2) | Arantxa Sánchez Vicario | 6–3, 6–4 |
| 1992 |  Monica Seles (3) | Steffi Graf | 6–2, 3–6, 10–8 |
| 1993 | Steffi Graf (3) | Mary Joe Fernández | 4–6, 6–2, 6–4 |
| 1994 | Arantxa Sánchez Vicario (2) | Mary Pierce | 6–4, 6–4 |
| 1995 | Steffi Graf (4) | Arantxa Sánchez Vicario | 7–5, 4–6, 6–0 |
| 1996 | Steffi Graf (5) | Arantxa Sánchez Vicario | 6–3, 6–7(4), 10–8 |
| 1997 |  Iva Majoli (1) |  Martina Hingis | 6–4, 6–2 |
| 1998 | Arantxa Sánchez Vicario (3) | Monica Seles | 7–6(5), 0–6, 6–2 |
| 1999 | Steffi Graf (6) | Martina Hingis | 4–6, 7–5, 6–2 |
| 2000 | Mary Pierce (1) | Conchita Martínez | 6–2, 7–5 |
| 2001 | Jennifer Capriati (1) |  Kim Clijsters | 1–6, 6–4, 12–10 |
| 2002 | Serena Williams (1) | Venus Williams | 7–5, 6–3 |
| 2003 | Justine Henin (1) | Kim Clijsters | 6–0, 6–4 |
| 2004 |  Anastasija Myskina (1) | Jelena Dementieva | 6–1, 6–2 |
| 2005 | Justine Henin (2) | Mary Pierce | 6–1, 6–1 |
| 2006 | Justine Henin (3) | Svetlana Kuznetsova | 6–4, 6–4 |
| 2007 | Justine Henin (4) |  Ana Ivanovic | 6–1, 6–2 |
| 2008 | Ana Ivanovic (1) | Dinara Safina | 6–4, 6–3 |
| 2009 | Svetlana Kuznetsova (1) | Dinara Safina | 6–4, 6–2 |
| 2010 |  Francesca Schiavone (1) | Samantha Stosur | 6–4, 7–6(2) |
| 2011 |  Li Na (1) | Francesca Schiavone | 6–4, 7–6(0) |
| 2012 | Marija Sjarapova (1) | Sara Errani | 6–3, 6–2 |
| 2013 | Serena Williams (2) | Marija Sjarapova | 6–4, 6–4 |
| 2014 | Marija Sjarapova (2) |  Simona Halep | 6–4, 6–7(5), 6–4 |
| 2015 | Serena Williams (3) | Lucie Šafářová | 6–3, 6–7(2), 6–2 |
| 2016 | Garbiñe Muguruza (1) | Serena Williams | 7–5, 6–4 |
| 2017 |  Jeļena Ostapenko (1) | Simona Halep | 4–6, 6–4, 6–3 |
| 2018 | Simona Halep (1) | Sloane Stephens | 3–6, 6–4, 6–1 |
| 2019 | Ashleigh Barty (1) | Markéta Vondroušová | 6–1, 6–3 |
| 2020 | Iga Świątek (1) | Sofia Kenin | 6–4, 6–1 |
| 2021 | Barbora Krejčíková (1) | Anastasija Pavljutjenkova | 6–1, 2–6, 6–4 |
| 2022 | Iga Świątek (2) | Cori Gauff | 6–1, 6–3 |
| 2023 | Iga Świątek (3) | Karolína Muchová | 6–2, 5–7, 6–4 |
| 2024 | Iga Świątek (4) | Jasmine Paolini | 6–2, 6–1 |
Statistik
Mestre med mere end én titel
| Spiller | Amatør-æra | Åben æra | Total | År |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chris Evert | - | 7 | 7 | 1974, 1975, 1979, 1980, 1983, 1985, 1986 |
| Suzanne Lenglen | 6 | - | 6 | 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1925, 1926 |
| Steffi Graf | - | 6 | 6 | 1987, 1988, 1993, 1995, 1996, 1999 |
| Françoise Masson | 5 | - | 5 | 1897, 1898, 1899, 1902, 1903 |
| Margaret Court | 2 | 3 | 5 | 1962, 1964, 1969, 1970, 1973 |
| Kate Gillou | 4 | - | 4 | 1904, 1905, 1906, 1908 |
| Jeanne Matthey | 4 | - | 4 | 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912 |
| Helen Wills | 4 | - | 4 | 1928, 1929, 1930, 1932 |
| Justine Henin | - | 4 | 4 | 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007 |
| Iga Świątek | - | 4 | 4 | 2020, 2022, 2023, 2024 |
| Hilde Sperling | 3 | - | 3 | 1935, 1936, 1937 |
| Arantxa Sánchez Vicario | - | 3 | 3 | 1989, 1994, 1998 |
| Monica Seles | - | 3 | 3 | 1990, 1991, 1992 |
| Serena Williams | - | 3 | 3 | 2002, 2013, 2015 |
| Margaret Scriven Vivian | 2 | - | 2 | 1933, 1934 |
| Simonne Mathieu | 2 | - | 2 | 1938, 1939 |
| Margaret Osborne duPont | 2 | - | 2 | 1946, 1949 |
| Doris Hart | 2 | - | 2 | 1950, 1952 |
| Maureen Connolly | 2 | - | 2 | 1953, 1954 |
| Ann Haydon Jones | 2 | - | 2 | 1961, 1966 |
| Lesley Turner Bowrey | 2 | - | 2 | 1963, 1965 |
| Martina Navratilova | - | 2 | 2 | 1982, 1984 |
| Marija Sjarapova | - | 2 | 2 | 2012, 2014 |
| Titler vundet i perioden, hvor mesterskabet var forbeholdt medlemmer af franske tennisklubber, er markeret med kursiv skrift. | ||||
Referencer
- "Event Guide / History / Past Winners 1891 – 2011". rolandgarros.com. IBM, Fédération Française de Tennis. Arkiveret fra originalen 20. juni 2013. Hentet 2012-07-18.
- "Grand Slam Tournaments – French Open" (PDF). usta.com. United States Tennis Association. Arkiveret fra originalen (PDF) 20. maj 2011. Hentet 2009-07-01.
- "List of French Open women's singles champions". GrandSlamHistory.com. Grand Slam History. 2009-06-06. Arkiveret fra originalen 18. maj 2015. Hentet 2010-02-13.
{{cite web}}: Ekstern henvisning i|work=
Noter
- ^ Lewis, Gabrielle (2002-05-23). "French Open history". BBC Sport. BBC. Arkiveret fra originalen 12. december 2015. Hentet 2009-07-01.
- ^ "Event Info / Prize Money". rolandgarros.com. IBM, Fédération Française de Tennis. Arkiveret fra originalen 7. juli 2013. Hentet 2012-07-10.
Eksterne henvisninger
- Internationaux de France de Roland-Garros – French Open Arkiveret 7. juni 2016 hos Wayback Machine (engelsk) (fransk) (kinesisk)
| Nationale franske amatørmesterskaber |
|  |
|---|---|---|
| Internationale franske amatørmesterskaber |
| |
| Åbne franske mesterskaber | ||
| Rækker | ||
| Arrangør | ||
| Myndighed | ||
Ingen turneringer i perioden 1915-19 på grund af 1. verdenskrig. Ingen officielle turneringer i perioden 1940-45 på grund af 2. verdenskrig. | ||
Medier brugt på denne side
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Pictograms of Olympic sports - Tennis. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Tennis. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
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French tennis player Marguerite Broquedis
French tennis player Marguerite Broquedis
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Swiatek RG21 (22)
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Swiatek RG21 (22)
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Tennis in Hilversum in het restaurant, Margaret Smith
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Tennis in Hilversum in het restaurant, Margaret Smith
Peggy Scriven 1938.jpg
English tennis player Peggy Scriven by Bassano, half-plate film negative, 29 April 1938
English tennis player Peggy Scriven by Bassano, half-plate film negative, 29 April 1938
Maureen Connolly 1953.jpg
Forfatter/Opretter: Harry Pot , Licens: CC0
Tennis Noordwijk. Maureen Connolly
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Tennis Noordwijk. Maureen Connolly
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For documentary purposes the German Federal Archive often retained the original image captions, which may be erroneous, biased, obsolete or politically extreme. 
Die amerikanische Tennisweltmeisterin Helen Wills in Berlin! Die schöne amerikanische Weltmeisterin Hellen Wills auf den Rot-weiss-Tennisplätzen in Berlin-Grunewald. Uner Bild zeigt sie im Dress. Der Schirmschutz für die Augen ist eine Erfindung der Helen Wills, auf welche sie Patente hat.
Simonne Mathieu 1926.jpg
French tennis player Simonne Mathieu at the international championships played at the Racing Club in Paris in 1926.
French tennis player Simonne Mathieu at the international championships played at the Racing Club in Paris in 1926.
Jeanne Matthey.jpeg
Jeanne Matthey
Jeanne Matthey
Chris Evert playing tennis at Camp David.png
Chris_Evert_playing_tennis_at_Camp_David.png
Chris_Evert_playing_tennis_at_Camp_David.png
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Steffi Graf at „Dream Match 2008“, March 15, 2008 in Tokyo
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French tennis player Suzanne Langlen (1899-1938).
French tennis player Suzanne Langlen (1899-1938).
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Chris Evert.jpg
Chris Evert in the 1970s. A former world #1 professional tennis player from Florida, Evert won 18 Grand Slam singles championships, including a record seven championships at the French Open and a record six championships at the U.S. Open.
Chris Evert in the 1970s. A former world #1 professional tennis player from Florida, Evert won 18 Grand Slam singles championships, including a record seven championships at the French Open and a record six championships at the U.S. Open.