Elektrostatisk motor

Principdiagram af en elektrostatisk ion-motor, som er et eksempel på en elektrostatisk motor.

En elektrostatisk motor er en elektromotor, som kan omsætte fra elektrisk energi ("statisk elektricitet"; høj spænding (kilovolt) og lav strøm) til mekanisk arbejde - uden brug af statisk eller dynamisk magnetisme.

En klasse af elektrostatiske motorer er kondensatormotorer (evt. med elektrisk kommutering ved jævnspænding) som virker ved tiltrækning og frastødning af to eller flere vekslende elektriske ladninger på kondensator lignende overflader.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] En type kondensatormotor er en elektrostatisk højttaler.

En anden klasse af elektrostatiske motorer er koronavindsmotorer eller koronamotorer som omsætter statisk elektricitet til en eller flere korona ionvinde, som drejer en rotor. Der findes også lineare koronamotorer - en type anvendes i en elektrohydrodynamisk-lifter.

Flere eksempler på koronamotorer er beskrevet af Oleg D. Jefimenko. Ifølge Oleg D. Jefimenko kan man lave motorer som kører på atmosfærens elektricitet.^[1]^[5]^[6]

Patenter

USPTO har lavet følgende klassificeringer af bl.a. elektrostatiske motorer. Mange af patenterne er udløbet:

Class 310 ELECTRICAL GENERATOR OR MOTOR STRUCTURE
- 300 NON-DYNAMOELECTRIC
  - 308 Charge accumulating
  - 309 Electrostatic
U.S. Patent 633.829 -- J. Gallegos -- "Static electric Machine"
U.S. Patent 735.621 -- E. Thomson -- "Electrostatic motor"
U.S. Patent 993.561 -- Harold B. Smith -- "Apparatus for transforming electrical energy into mechanical energy"
U.S. Patent 1.693.806 -- W. G. Cady -- "Electromechanical System"
U.S. Patent 1.974.483 —- T. T. Brown -- "Electrostatic motor" (1934-09-25)
U.S. Patent 3.433.981 -- B. Bollee -- "Electrostatic Motor" (ed. Electrostatics from Atmospheric Electricity)
U.S. Patent 3.436.630 -- B. Bollee -- "Electrostatic Motor"
U.S. Patent 5.552.654 -- MITSUBISHI CHEM CORP -- "Electrostatic actuator"
U.S. Patent 5.965.968 -- Robert, et al. -- "Electrostatic Motor"

Kilder/referencer

^ ^a ^b Electrostatic Motors. Their History, Types, and Principles of Operation — With many illustrations, of which 57 are by David K. Walker of Waynesburg College. Oleg D. Jefimenko. West Virginia University Arkiveret 28. januar 2015 hos Wayback Machine Citat: "...[pdf-side 122 (papirside 98); kondensatormotor eksempel:]...FIGURE 47 In 1961, the Russian physicist A. N. Gubkin described this motor with two electrets in the rotor and two parallel-plate capacitors in the stator. A commutator was used to change the polarity of the capacitors...[pdf-side 131-141 (107-116)]...It appears that corona motors with input power of 100 to 1000 watts and efficiency of at least 60% can be constructed without any difficulty. There seems to be no reason why even more powerful corona motors could not be built. It is likely that the motors can be further improved by using rotors immersed in a gas other than the air at atmospheric pressure...Finally, a very interesting source for powering electrostatic motors is the atmospheric electric field..."
^ Youtube: Electrostatic Motor --- Running on a capacitor Arkiveret 3. januar 2016 hos Wayback Machine
^ Youtube: An Electrostatic Motor (Driven by a 750,000V Van De Graff electrostatic generator) Arkiveret 2. januar 2016 hos Wayback Machine
^ Youtube: Electrostatic Motor Arkiveret 27. november 2015 hos Wayback Machine
^ The Earth's Atmosphere As a source for Electric Power. William Aston Citat: "...[pdf-side 4]...A modern version of the Poggendorff Corona motor utilizes a cylinder rotor instead of a disk. This particular motor was operated from charges of the earth's electric field. Dr. Jefimenko and Mr. Walker performed the experiment from the top of the Engineering Building using an antenna suspended from a baloon..."
^ Youtube: How to Make Corona Motor (v2) aka Electrostatic Motor/Atmospheric Motor Arkiveret 26. august 2014 hos Wayback Machine

Se også

Elektrostatisk generator
Nanomotor

Eksterne henvisninger

de Queiroz, Antonio Carlos M., "An Electrostatic Linear Motor Arkiveret 28. april 2015 hos Wayback Machine". 24 January 2002.
William J. Beaty, "Simple Electrostatic Motor Arkiveret 16. februar 2015 hos Wayback Machine".
"ElectrostaticMotor Arkiveret 3. marts 2016 hos Wayback Machine". tm.net.
Fast and Flexible Electrostatic Motors at Univ. Tokyo"[1] Arkiveret 3. marts 2016 hos Wayback Machine".
Heavy Lifting Electrostatic Motors at Univ. Tokyo"[2] Arkiveret 10. februar 2012 hos Wayback Machine".
E. Sarajlic et al., MEMS electrostatic micromotors [3] Arkiveret 12. november 2008 hos Wayback Machine

[jefimenkoesmotors-1] Electrostatic Motors. Their History, Types, and Principles of Operation — With many illustrations, of which 57 are by David K. Walker of Waynesburg College. Oleg D. Jefimenko. West Virginia University Arkiveret 28. januar 2015 hos Wayback Machine Citat: "...[pdf-side 122 (papirside 98); kondensatormotor eksempel:]...FIGURE 47 In 1961, the Russian physicist A. N. Gubkin described this motor with two electrets in the rotor and two parallel-plate capacitors in the stator. A commutator was used to change the polarity of the capacitors...[pdf-side 131-141 (107-116)]...It appears that corona motors with input power of 100 to 1000 watts and efficiency of at least 60% can be constructed without any difficulty. There seems to be no reason why even more powerful corona motors could not be built. It is likely that the motors can be further improved by using rotors immersed in a gas other than the air at atmospheric pressure...Finally, a very interesting source for powering electrostatic motors is the atmospheric electric field..."

[2] Youtube: Electrostatic Motor --- Running on a capacitor Arkiveret 3. januar 2016 hos Wayback Machine

[3] Youtube: An Electrostatic Motor (Driven by a 750,000V Van De Graff electrostatic generator) Arkiveret 2. januar 2016 hos Wayback Machine

[4] Youtube: Electrostatic Motor Arkiveret 27. november 2015 hos Wayback Machine

[5] The Earth's Atmosphere As a source for Electric Power. William Aston Citat: "...[pdf-side 4]...A modern version of the Poggendorff Corona motor utilizes a cylinder rotor instead of a disk. This particular motor was operated from charges of the earth's electric field. Dr. Jefimenko and Mr. Walker performed the experiment from the top of the Engineering Building using an antenna suspended from a baloon..."

[6] Youtube: How to Make Corona Motor (v2) aka Electrostatic Motor/Atmospheric Motor Arkiveret 26. august 2014 hos Wayback Machine

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