1850-kompromiset
- Californien ansøger under guldfeberen om optagelse som en fri stat
- Texas kræver territorium så langt som til Rio Grande
- New Mexicos provisoriske regering modsætter sig Texas' krav og ansøger om status som fri stat
- Californien anerkendes som en fri stat
- Texas afstår territorium i forbindelse med gældseftergivelse
- Området New Mexico får status som New Mexico Territory uden stillingtagen til slaveri i delstaten
1850-kompromiset var et kompromis mellem Nord- og Sydstaterne i USA.
Siden USA's uafhængighed i 1776 og indtil 1850-kompromiset havde slavestaterne domineret amerikansk politik, ikke mindst takket været tre-femtedels klausulen.[1] Men da den amerikanske præsident Zachary Taylor i 1849-50 stillede forslag om at indlemme den unge delstat Californien, som pga. guldfeberen voksede med enorm fart, i den amerikanske union, ændrede magtbalancen sig. Formentlig havde Taylor, som selv var slaveejer, forventet, at Californien ville blive en slavestat, men af frygt for, at slavernes tilstedeværelse i delstaten ville underminere de hvides guldgraverarbejde, og dermed frarøve dem deres eksistensgrundlag, gik de imod slavehandlen og ytrede ønsker om at blive en fri stat. Kompromiset blev, at Californien blev anerkendt som en fri stat, mens territorierne Utah og New Mexico kunne optages senere enten som frie eller slavestater.
De frie stater udgjorde nu den befolkningsmæssige majoritet og dominerede dermed Repræsentanternes Hus, hvilket markant ændrede den politiske balance i årene, der ledte op til Den amerikanske borgerkrig.
Referencer
- ^ "Uncommon Knowledge: A SLAVE TO THE SYSTEM? Thomas Jefferson and Slavery | Hoover Institution". Arkiveret fra originalen 20. juli 2008. Hentet 15. august 2009."Arkiveret kopi". Arkiveret fra originalen 20. juli 2008. Hentet 15. august 2009.
Medier brugt på denne side
Forfatter/Opretter: Made by User:Golbez. See Charles O. Paullin and John K. Wright's Atlas of the Historical Geography of the United States (1932) for PD maps which support these., Licens: CC BY 2.5
Map of the states and territories of the United States as it was from 1849 to 1850.
- On March 3 1849, Minnesota Territory was organized.
- On September 9 1850, several western areas changed: The Mexican Cession was organized, being split in to Utah Territory and New Mexico Territory, and one portion was admitted as the state of California. These two territories also included a portion of Texas, ceded to the federal government. Finally, a small area known as the Neutral Strip was not officially included in any state or territory. A small portion of Texas and the Mexican Cession became unorganized land.
- NOTE: This map is inaccurate as the Indian Territory (the majority of which comprises the current state of Oklahoma and existed from the early 1830s until Oklahoma statehood in 1907), is not defined here.
Forfatter/Opretter: Made by User:Golbez., Licens: CC BY 2.5
Map of the states and territories of the United States as it was from 1850 to March 1853. On September 9 1850, several western areas changed: The Mexican Cession was organized, being split in to Utah Territory and New Mexico Territory, and one portion was admitted as the state of California. These two territories also included a portion of Texas, ceded to the federal government. Finally, a small area known as the Neutral Strip as not officially included in any state or territory. A small portion of Texas and the Mexican Cession became unorganized land. On March 2 1853, Washington Territory was split from Oregon Territory.